WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:00.500 align:middle line:90% 00:00:00.500 --> 00:00:07.580 align:middle line:84% KAYLA BROWN: All right, so welcome to this presentation. 00:00:07.580 --> 00:00:09.090 align:middle line:90% It should go till-- 00:00:09.090 --> 00:00:12.790 align:middle line:90% for about 40 minutes now. 00:00:12.790 --> 00:00:17.760 align:middle line:84% And I like these to be really interactive, 00:00:17.760 --> 00:00:21.810 align:middle line:84% so please, please feel free to type in the chat, 00:00:21.810 --> 00:00:25.470 align:middle line:84% or just speak up if you want to add something. 00:00:25.470 --> 00:00:30.750 align:middle line:84% If you do, please say your name before you speak or type it 00:00:30.750 --> 00:00:35.560 align:middle line:84% into the chat, and I will read it to the group. 00:00:35.560 --> 00:00:40.830 align:middle line:84% So I'm going to share my screen so you can see my PowerPoint, 00:00:40.830 --> 00:00:45.742 align:middle line:84% and let me know if you have any questions. 00:00:45.742 --> 00:00:47.100 align:middle line:90% I'll pull it up here. 00:00:47.100 --> 00:01:10.506 align:middle line:90% 00:01:10.506 --> 00:01:11.465 align:middle line:90% All right. 00:01:11.465 --> 00:01:18.300 align:middle line:90% 00:01:18.300 --> 00:01:21.340 align:middle line:84% So as I'm pulling this up, I just 00:01:21.340 --> 00:01:25.340 align:middle line:84% want to, again, introduce myself. 00:01:25.340 --> 00:01:31.750 align:middle line:84% I am Kayla, and my background is in social work. 00:01:31.750 --> 00:01:35.890 align:middle line:84% I got my master's of social work from the University 00:01:35.890 --> 00:01:42.730 align:middle line:84% of Washington, where I focused on community building 00:01:42.730 --> 00:01:49.010 align:middle line:84% and community activism through social work programs. 00:01:49.010 --> 00:01:52.510 align:middle line:84% And I have just a little introductory slide 00:01:52.510 --> 00:01:54.580 align:middle line:90% that's kind of me in a nutshell. 00:01:54.580 --> 00:01:55.900 align:middle line:90% [INTERPOSING VOICES] 00:01:55.900 --> 00:01:59.490 align:middle line:90% 00:01:59.490 --> 00:02:00.060 align:middle line:90% Sorry. 00:02:00.060 --> 00:02:01.537 align:middle line:90% Did someone say something? 00:02:01.537 --> 00:02:04.220 align:middle line:90% 00:02:04.220 --> 00:02:07.020 align:middle line:90% I thought I heard something. 00:02:07.020 --> 00:02:08.490 align:middle line:90% So yeah. 00:02:08.490 --> 00:02:13.250 align:middle line:84% I'm in front of the Washington State Capitol building. 00:02:13.250 --> 00:02:17.150 align:middle line:84% I was doing some advocacy on some legislation 00:02:17.150 --> 00:02:21.330 align:middle line:84% that we were trying to get for people with disabilities, 00:02:21.330 --> 00:02:26.210 align:middle line:84% specifically around institutionalized individuals 00:02:26.210 --> 00:02:28.010 align:middle line:90% in our state. 00:02:28.010 --> 00:02:32.060 align:middle line:84% My favorite food is avocado, and there's 00:02:32.060 --> 00:02:36.950 align:middle line:84% a picture of my corgi, Oliver, who you may hear bark, 00:02:36.950 --> 00:02:37.850 align:middle line:90% hopefully not. 00:02:37.850 --> 00:02:40.440 align:middle line:90% 00:02:40.440 --> 00:02:44.640 align:middle line:84% So the three things I want to look at today 00:02:44.640 --> 00:02:51.300 align:middle line:84% are very basics of disability studies. 00:02:51.300 --> 00:02:54.840 align:middle line:84% It's going to be a very 101 example, 00:02:54.840 --> 00:02:58.050 align:middle line:84% but if you have more questions or you want to go deeper, 00:02:58.050 --> 00:03:00.010 align:middle line:90% that is totally fine. 00:03:00.010 --> 00:03:02.160 align:middle line:84% But this is meant to mostly just look 00:03:02.160 --> 00:03:10.750 align:middle line:84% at the two very foundational ways that we define disability. 00:03:10.750 --> 00:03:12.375 align:middle line:90% So we're going to look at those. 00:03:12.375 --> 00:03:14.250 align:middle line:84% I'm going to talk about the disability rights 00:03:14.250 --> 00:03:16.230 align:middle line:84% movement and the Deaf rights movement 00:03:16.230 --> 00:03:21.530 align:middle line:84% because we don't really talk about that very often. 00:03:21.530 --> 00:03:25.860 align:middle line:84% And so I'm going to go through some very key moments 00:03:25.860 --> 00:03:27.930 align:middle line:84% in the disability rights movement, 00:03:27.930 --> 00:03:31.080 align:middle line:84% and hopefully, that will be really interesting. 00:03:31.080 --> 00:03:34.230 align:middle line:84% Also, what I really enjoy is talking 00:03:34.230 --> 00:03:37.260 align:middle line:90% about media representation. 00:03:37.260 --> 00:03:39.390 align:middle line:90% It's kind of a hobby of mine. 00:03:39.390 --> 00:03:43.110 align:middle line:84% So at the end, I kind of wanted to add 00:03:43.110 --> 00:03:46.140 align:middle line:84% a little bit of that in there, and that's pretty fun 00:03:46.140 --> 00:03:49.110 align:middle line:90% to talk about. 00:03:49.110 --> 00:03:52.280 align:middle line:84% So when I give these presentations, 00:03:52.280 --> 00:03:56.270 align:middle line:84% the first question that I ask, and generally, it's 00:03:56.270 --> 00:04:02.030 align:middle line:84% to non-disabled audiences, but I ask when you hear the term 00:04:02.030 --> 00:04:07.460 align:middle line:84% or see the term disability, what comes to mind? 00:04:07.460 --> 00:04:11.495 align:middle line:90% And a lot of times, I will-- 00:04:11.495 --> 00:04:14.540 align:middle line:90% 00:04:14.540 --> 00:04:16.880 align:middle line:90% oh sorry, I just got chat. 00:04:16.880 --> 00:04:21.860 align:middle line:84% I will ask and get these terms back. 00:04:21.860 --> 00:04:29.990 align:middle line:84% So there are things like sick, hard workers, overcome, brave, 00:04:29.990 --> 00:04:39.730 align:middle line:84% charity, cure, inspirational, impaired, doctors, sad, 00:04:39.730 --> 00:04:43.430 align:middle line:90% confined, or cannot do. 00:04:43.430 --> 00:04:45.800 align:middle line:84% So these are just words and terms 00:04:45.800 --> 00:04:49.580 align:middle line:90% that I've received before. 00:04:49.580 --> 00:04:55.160 align:middle line:84% And I like to look at some of the similarities 00:04:55.160 --> 00:04:57.650 align:middle line:90% and themes between these words. 00:04:57.650 --> 00:05:02.420 align:middle line:84% So I've highlighted sick, cure, doctors, 00:05:02.420 --> 00:05:05.360 align:middle line:90% impaired, and confined. 00:05:05.360 --> 00:05:10.160 align:middle line:84% And I highlight those because they do-- and normally, I 00:05:10.160 --> 00:05:15.780 align:middle line:84% would ask, throw out some ideas of what they have in common. 00:05:15.780 --> 00:05:20.270 align:middle line:84% But what you might notice is that a lot of these things 00:05:20.270 --> 00:05:23.370 align:middle line:90% are medicalized terms. 00:05:23.370 --> 00:05:28.310 align:middle line:84% And so why do we medicalize disability? 00:05:28.310 --> 00:05:33.050 align:middle line:84% Well, that's a good question, right? 00:05:33.050 --> 00:05:36.410 align:middle line:84% And so are there other aspects to disability 00:05:36.410 --> 00:05:39.170 align:middle line:90% besides a medical state? 00:05:39.170 --> 00:05:41.910 align:middle line:84% And what makes a person disabled? 00:05:41.910 --> 00:05:45.590 align:middle line:84% So that's kind of the main question that I ask myself. 00:05:45.590 --> 00:05:49.010 align:middle line:90% 00:05:49.010 --> 00:05:53.420 align:middle line:84% I wanted to throw that question out to you guys. 00:05:53.420 --> 00:05:55.190 align:middle line:84% If you want, you can write it in the chat. 00:05:55.190 --> 00:05:59.240 align:middle line:84% If you have any thoughts about why we medicalize disability, 00:05:59.240 --> 00:06:04.940 align:middle line:84% feel free to put it in the chat or just unmute yourself 00:06:04.940 --> 00:06:09.170 align:middle line:84% because this is something that is very key when we're looking 00:06:09.170 --> 00:06:10.670 align:middle line:90% at the models of disability. 00:06:10.670 --> 00:06:16.480 align:middle line:90% 00:06:16.480 --> 00:06:21.420 align:middle line:84% So I read a book called The Individual and Social Models 00:06:21.420 --> 00:06:23.970 align:middle line:90% of Disability by Mike Oliver. 00:06:23.970 --> 00:06:26.940 align:middle line:90% It's a really interesting book. 00:06:26.940 --> 00:06:29.530 align:middle line:84% I put some excerpts on this slide. 00:06:29.530 --> 00:06:34.410 align:middle line:84% So Oliver says, "disability is a social state and not 00:06:34.410 --> 00:06:36.420 align:middle line:90% a medical condition. 00:06:36.420 --> 00:06:41.220 align:middle line:84% Doctors are trained to diagnose, treat, and cure illnesses 00:06:41.220 --> 00:06:47.120 align:middle line:84% but not to alleviate the social conditions or circumstances." 00:06:47.120 --> 00:06:51.100 align:middle line:84% So that is an approach to about how 00:06:51.100 --> 00:06:54.790 align:middle line:84% about how we define disability, which brings us 00:06:54.790 --> 00:06:57.980 align:middle line:84% in to one of the models that we'll look at, 00:06:57.980 --> 00:07:00.370 align:middle line:84% which is called the medical model. 00:07:00.370 --> 00:07:04.270 align:middle line:84% And historically, society has viewed disability 00:07:04.270 --> 00:07:06.130 align:middle line:90% in a more negative light. 00:07:06.130 --> 00:07:08.530 align:middle line:84% In this view, the problem that exists 00:07:08.530 --> 00:07:12.910 align:middle line:84% within the person and the goal is to fix the person, 00:07:12.910 --> 00:07:18.020 align:middle line:84% so that's a very medical model way of looking at disability. 00:07:18.020 --> 00:07:22.390 align:middle line:84% And that's really prevalent in how we talk about disability. 00:07:22.390 --> 00:07:24.500 align:middle line:84% As you could see from the words and phrases 00:07:24.500 --> 00:07:29.110 align:middle line:84% before that I put together, a lot of times people 00:07:29.110 --> 00:07:32.110 align:middle line:84% think of doctors and medical conditions. 00:07:32.110 --> 00:07:34.960 align:middle line:90% 00:07:34.960 --> 00:07:37.790 align:middle line:84% So the image on the screen I'll describe, 00:07:37.790 --> 00:07:41.400 align:middle line:84% there's an individual with the wheelchair symbol 00:07:41.400 --> 00:07:46.740 align:middle line:84% that has commonly then used to show disability. 00:07:46.740 --> 00:07:50.610 align:middle line:84% So that individual is on the left hand side, 00:07:50.610 --> 00:07:54.270 align:middle line:84% and an arrow is pointing to society, 00:07:54.270 --> 00:07:57.260 align:middle line:84% and the person is saying, help, I need access. 00:07:57.260 --> 00:08:00.990 align:middle line:84% I cannot use this, and I have difficulty. 00:08:00.990 --> 00:08:05.340 align:middle line:84% And society is responding saying you are the problem, 00:08:05.340 --> 00:08:09.240 align:middle line:84% you lack the ability, you are abnormal, 00:08:09.240 --> 00:08:10.455 align:middle line:90% and you need to be fixed. 00:08:10.455 --> 00:08:15.930 align:middle line:90% 00:08:15.930 --> 00:08:21.730 align:middle line:84% So the social model is in contrast to the medical model, 00:08:21.730 --> 00:08:25.140 align:middle line:84% and the social model says that disability and impairment 00:08:25.140 --> 00:08:27.460 align:middle line:90% are two different things. 00:08:27.460 --> 00:08:31.380 align:middle line:84% So a disabled person is a person with an impairment 00:08:31.380 --> 00:08:33.630 align:middle line:90% who experiences the disability. 00:08:33.630 --> 00:08:36.860 align:middle line:90% 00:08:36.860 --> 00:08:39.919 align:middle line:90% So two different things. 00:08:39.919 --> 00:08:44.450 align:middle line:84% Disability is a social construct created by the barriers 00:08:44.450 --> 00:08:50.030 align:middle line:84% within institutions and attitudes, stereotypes, 00:08:50.030 --> 00:08:51.050 align:middle line:90% and inequality. 00:08:51.050 --> 00:08:59.670 align:middle line:90% 00:08:59.670 --> 00:09:02.510 align:middle line:84% And so we have the flipside of that image 00:09:02.510 --> 00:09:07.520 align:middle line:84% before where the individual is asking society, help, 00:09:07.520 --> 00:09:12.200 align:middle line:84% I need access, and society is responding by saying, 00:09:12.200 --> 00:09:15.560 align:middle line:84% we will remove barriers, attitudinal barriers, 00:09:15.560 --> 00:09:19.520 align:middle line:84% environmental barriers, and provide multiple solutions 00:09:19.520 --> 00:09:22.880 align:middle line:90% for you and for everyone. 00:09:22.880 --> 00:09:28.570 align:middle line:84% So I realize that these two models are incredibly simple, 00:09:28.570 --> 00:09:30.610 align:middle line:84% and I don't necessarily think that you 00:09:30.610 --> 00:09:33.010 align:middle line:90% can have one without the other. 00:09:33.010 --> 00:09:37.030 align:middle line:84% I certainly feel there's validity 00:09:37.030 --> 00:09:43.060 align:middle line:84% in approaching disability in a medicalized way sometimes, 00:09:43.060 --> 00:09:45.010 align:middle line:84% but I think what this brings to light 00:09:45.010 --> 00:09:50.260 align:middle line:84% is that this is the dominant way we talk about disability, 00:09:50.260 --> 00:09:55.060 align:middle line:84% and what impact does that have on the disabled community? 00:09:55.060 --> 00:09:58.370 align:middle line:90% 00:09:58.370 --> 00:10:01.180 align:middle line:84% So I'm not going to show this video in this presentation, 00:10:01.180 --> 00:10:04.570 align:middle line:84% but I want to highlight a video you may 00:10:04.570 --> 00:10:08.080 align:middle line:90% have watched from Stella Young. 00:10:08.080 --> 00:10:09.700 align:middle line:84% It's a TED Talk, and it's called, 00:10:09.700 --> 00:10:14.720 align:middle line:84% "I'm not your inspiration, thank you very much." 00:10:14.720 --> 00:10:20.030 align:middle line:84% And this presentation that she gave 00:10:20.030 --> 00:10:26.960 align:middle line:84% is great because it synthesizes the medical and social model, 00:10:26.960 --> 00:10:32.480 align:middle line:84% while also addressing this thing called inspiration porn, 00:10:32.480 --> 00:10:37.070 align:middle line:84% and she uses the word porn very deliberately 00:10:37.070 --> 00:10:45.120 align:middle line:84% because inspiration porn is how she defines objectification 00:10:45.120 --> 00:10:47.710 align:middle line:90% of people with disabilities. 00:10:47.710 --> 00:10:49.800 align:middle line:84% So when people are being objectified, 00:10:49.800 --> 00:10:53.700 align:middle line:84% especially people with disabilities, this 00:10:53.700 --> 00:10:58.630 align:middle line:84% is a problem, and this is what her talk is mainly about. 00:10:58.630 --> 00:11:03.540 align:middle line:84% So I really encourage you to watch that presentation 00:11:03.540 --> 00:11:04.980 align:middle line:90% that she gave. 00:11:04.980 --> 00:11:09.090 align:middle line:84% It's also really funny, and I love her. 00:11:09.090 --> 00:11:14.200 align:middle line:84% One of the things she talks about is meme culture. 00:11:14.200 --> 00:11:18.960 align:middle line:84% So when we're on social media, we 00:11:18.960 --> 00:11:24.990 align:middle line:84% are constantly shown images and quotes 00:11:24.990 --> 00:11:30.720 align:middle line:84% from people that seek to invoke emotion. 00:11:30.720 --> 00:11:37.200 align:middle line:84% And a lot of times, the point of inspirational images 00:11:37.200 --> 00:11:42.070 align:middle line:84% of people with disabilities objectify them. 00:11:42.070 --> 00:11:47.130 align:middle line:84% And so the meme that says "the only disability in life 00:11:47.130 --> 00:11:50.890 align:middle line:84% is a bad attitude" is problematic 00:11:50.890 --> 00:11:57.850 align:middle line:84% because no amount of smiling or being happy or having 00:11:57.850 --> 00:12:01.510 align:middle line:84% a positive attitude will fix the barriers 00:12:01.510 --> 00:12:07.410 align:middle line:84% within society that exclude people with disabilities. 00:12:07.410 --> 00:12:10.250 align:middle line:84% So she talks about that, and so she really 00:12:10.250 --> 00:12:14.000 align:middle line:84% highlights why inspiration and inspiration 00:12:14.000 --> 00:12:18.210 align:middle line:90% porn is detrimental. 00:12:18.210 --> 00:12:21.826 align:middle line:90% I also put up a meme that says-- 00:12:21.826 --> 00:12:24.690 align:middle line:90% and I saw this on my feed. 00:12:24.690 --> 00:12:27.600 align:middle line:84% It's an image of a person in a wheelchair 00:12:27.600 --> 00:12:32.070 align:middle line:84% on a beach with her arms outstretched, 00:12:32.070 --> 00:12:36.060 align:middle line:84% and it says, "Never ignore someone with a disability. 00:12:36.060 --> 00:12:39.670 align:middle line:84% You don't realize how much they can inspire you. 00:12:39.670 --> 00:12:42.210 align:middle line:90% Share if you agree." 00:12:42.210 --> 00:12:45.980 align:middle line:84% So this is wrong on so many levels. 00:12:45.980 --> 00:12:48.990 align:middle line:84% And I'm laughing because number one, 00:12:48.990 --> 00:12:52.830 align:middle line:84% I don't know how that wheelchair got onto the beach. 00:12:52.830 --> 00:12:58.960 align:middle line:84% She's very close to the water, and that just doesn't happen. 00:12:58.960 --> 00:13:01.230 align:middle line:90% So that was my first response. 00:13:01.230 --> 00:13:06.940 align:middle line:84% But secondly, you shouldn't ignore anybody for any reason, 00:13:06.940 --> 00:13:12.460 align:middle line:84% much less for the reason of they could potentially inspire you, 00:13:12.460 --> 00:13:14.150 align:middle line:90% so don't ignore them. 00:13:14.150 --> 00:13:18.910 align:middle line:84% So that's just another example of the problem 00:13:18.910 --> 00:13:23.130 align:middle line:90% with inspirational images. 00:13:23.130 --> 00:13:25.150 align:middle line:84% There is another version on the screen 00:13:25.150 --> 00:13:28.960 align:middle line:84% that says the only disability in life is a bad attitude. 00:13:28.960 --> 00:13:33.400 align:middle line:90% This is two people lifting. 00:13:33.400 --> 00:13:37.480 align:middle line:84% I'm sorry, I'm not very sports knowledgeable 00:13:37.480 --> 00:13:41.710 align:middle line:84% or exercise knowledgeable, but they're pulling up on a bar, 00:13:41.710 --> 00:13:43.630 align:middle line:84% and one person's in a wheelchair. 00:13:43.630 --> 00:13:46.330 align:middle line:90% They're probably in a gym. 00:13:46.330 --> 00:13:51.070 align:middle line:84% I use a wheelchair, so this doesn't mean a whole lot to me. 00:13:51.070 --> 00:13:56.770 align:middle line:84% But again, it's that idea of get rid of your bad attitude, 00:13:56.770 --> 00:13:59.710 align:middle line:84% you'll get rid of all your problems. 00:13:59.710 --> 00:14:04.940 align:middle line:84% And then I especially notice around prom season 00:14:04.940 --> 00:14:08.600 align:middle line:84% that images of people with disabilities 00:14:08.600 --> 00:14:14.490 align:middle line:84% being asked to prom as inspirational is very common. 00:14:14.490 --> 00:14:18.680 align:middle line:84% So there's an image that shows a person in a wheelchair 00:14:18.680 --> 00:14:22.650 align:middle line:84% with somebody who's ambulatory, and the image 00:14:22.650 --> 00:14:27.270 align:middle line:84% says, "he asked her to prom even in her condition. 00:14:27.270 --> 00:14:29.240 align:middle line:90% Like and share equals respect." 00:14:29.240 --> 00:14:31.830 align:middle line:90% 00:14:31.830 --> 00:14:33.530 align:middle line:84% So I thought that was interesting. 00:14:33.530 --> 00:14:36.990 align:middle line:90% 00:14:36.990 --> 00:14:38.780 align:middle line:84% So this is all rooted in ableism. 00:14:38.780 --> 00:14:44.990 align:middle line:84% So I don't know how many of you have heard of the term ableism. 00:14:44.990 --> 00:14:50.410 align:middle line:84% I've seen it a lot more the last five years or so. 00:14:50.410 --> 00:14:54.770 align:middle line:84% But ableism is a set of beliefs or practices 00:14:54.770 --> 00:14:58.010 align:middle line:84% that devalue and discriminate against people 00:14:58.010 --> 00:15:02.690 align:middle line:84% with disabilities and often rests on the assumption 00:15:02.690 --> 00:15:08.350 align:middle line:84% that disabled people need to be fixed in one form or another. 00:15:08.350 --> 00:15:11.290 align:middle line:84% It's very intertwined in our culture. 00:15:11.290 --> 00:15:16.240 align:middle line:84% It informs what people think disability does or does not 00:15:16.240 --> 00:15:17.560 align:middle line:90% mean. 00:15:17.560 --> 00:15:20.200 align:middle line:84% It influences how people learn to treat people 00:15:20.200 --> 00:15:23.740 align:middle line:84% with disabilities, and it contributes to the fact 00:15:23.740 --> 00:15:25.570 align:middle line:84% that people with disabilities are 00:15:25.570 --> 00:15:29.210 align:middle line:84% being excluded from the table for key decisions. 00:15:29.210 --> 00:15:34.080 align:middle line:90% 00:15:34.080 --> 00:15:39.495 align:middle line:84% And I want to make sure that I mention about Deaf culture. 00:15:39.495 --> 00:15:42.460 align:middle line:90% 00:15:42.460 --> 00:15:45.730 align:middle line:84% Deaf culture is probably something 00:15:45.730 --> 00:15:49.550 align:middle line:84% we'll have an entire presentation on, 00:15:49.550 --> 00:15:53.770 align:middle line:84% but I am integrating it into the disability rights movement 00:15:53.770 --> 00:15:58.690 align:middle line:84% because the Deaf rights movement is obviously very 00:15:58.690 --> 00:16:01.530 align:middle line:90% interconnected but separate. 00:16:01.530 --> 00:16:03.670 align:middle line:84% And so we will talk more about that, 00:16:03.670 --> 00:16:06.280 align:middle line:84% but American Deaf culture centers 00:16:06.280 --> 00:16:10.810 align:middle line:84% on the use of American Sign Language and the identification 00:16:10.810 --> 00:16:13.990 align:middle line:84% and unity within other people who are Deaf. 00:16:13.990 --> 00:16:17.850 align:middle line:84% So it's very cultural and community driven, 00:16:17.850 --> 00:16:22.030 align:middle line:84% and it is separate from the main disability community 00:16:22.030 --> 00:16:27.430 align:middle line:84% because their values differ, are a little bit more specific, 00:16:27.430 --> 00:16:31.250 align:middle line:84% and just their beliefs and their use of language. 00:16:31.250 --> 00:16:35.020 align:middle line:84% So because I am not a Deaf person, 00:16:35.020 --> 00:16:38.890 align:middle line:84% I'm not going to speak in depth on that, 00:16:38.890 --> 00:16:41.620 align:middle line:84% but I will say that it is my goal 00:16:41.620 --> 00:16:45.400 align:middle line:84% to have a separate presentation with experts if you 00:16:45.400 --> 00:16:46.941 align:middle line:90% want to learn more about that. 00:16:46.941 --> 00:16:50.170 align:middle line:90% 00:16:50.170 --> 00:16:52.930 align:middle line:84% On the screen, there are images that I 00:16:52.930 --> 00:16:59.150 align:middle line:84% will describe that I've seen a lot in equity trainings, 00:16:59.150 --> 00:17:02.270 align:middle line:84% especially in the last two years or so. 00:17:02.270 --> 00:17:04.069 align:middle line:84% This one's a little bit different. 00:17:04.069 --> 00:17:06.950 align:middle line:84% The traditional image that I've seen 00:17:06.950 --> 00:17:11.630 align:middle line:84% is where you have three people standing 00:17:11.630 --> 00:17:14.329 align:middle line:84% trying to view a baseball game, and there's 00:17:14.329 --> 00:17:16.530 align:middle line:90% a fence in their way. 00:17:16.530 --> 00:17:19.520 align:middle line:84% And the goal of these images are to try to distinguish 00:17:19.520 --> 00:17:22.069 align:middle line:90% what equality and equity mean. 00:17:22.069 --> 00:17:24.920 align:middle line:84% And so that image that's on the screen 00:17:24.920 --> 00:17:27.109 align:middle line:84% has two instances of people trying 00:17:27.109 --> 00:17:29.660 align:middle line:90% to watch a baseball game. 00:17:29.660 --> 00:17:32.890 align:middle line:84% The first image represents equality, 00:17:32.890 --> 00:17:36.950 align:middle line:84% and because there are people with different statures, 00:17:36.950 --> 00:17:40.520 align:middle line:84% they were given boxes, so that people 00:17:40.520 --> 00:17:44.270 align:middle line:84% who needed to see the game could see the game. 00:17:44.270 --> 00:17:47.450 align:middle line:84% However, it did not actually result in 00:17:47.450 --> 00:17:49.910 align:middle line:84% that, because number one, the ground 00:17:49.910 --> 00:17:56.390 align:middle line:84% is sloped because we don't all enter life on equal footing. 00:17:56.390 --> 00:18:01.130 align:middle line:84% Some people have privileges that give them an extra boost 00:18:01.130 --> 00:18:03.520 align:middle line:90% to be able to see the game. 00:18:03.520 --> 00:18:07.850 align:middle line:84% And so giving everyone the same size box 00:18:07.850 --> 00:18:12.380 align:middle line:90% did not provide a solution. 00:18:12.380 --> 00:18:16.370 align:middle line:84% The equity side gives a different example 00:18:16.370 --> 00:18:20.130 align:middle line:84% of what this could look like to give boxes. 00:18:20.130 --> 00:18:23.600 align:middle line:84% So the people who needed the most height 00:18:23.600 --> 00:18:27.770 align:middle line:84% were given three boxes, versus the person who only got one 00:18:27.770 --> 00:18:31.580 align:middle line:90% box, who only needed one box. 00:18:31.580 --> 00:18:34.370 align:middle line:84% So that is what equity means because everyone 00:18:34.370 --> 00:18:37.010 align:middle line:84% was able to participate, but they were given 00:18:37.010 --> 00:18:40.100 align:middle line:90% different resources and tools. 00:18:40.100 --> 00:18:43.130 align:middle line:90% 00:18:43.130 --> 00:18:48.850 align:middle line:84% And I want to give a third image because this is important. 00:18:48.850 --> 00:18:51.940 align:middle line:84% This represents justice, and what it shows 00:18:51.940 --> 00:18:56.800 align:middle line:84% is the three people breaking down the fence. 00:18:56.800 --> 00:18:58.570 align:middle line:90% So there is no more fence. 00:18:58.570 --> 00:19:02.000 align:middle line:84% Therefore, there are no more boxes. 00:19:02.000 --> 00:19:07.730 align:middle line:84% And that's not to say that boxes aren't important. 00:19:07.730 --> 00:19:11.760 align:middle line:84% Maybe someone would need a box to sit on, for example. 00:19:11.760 --> 00:19:15.440 align:middle line:84% And again, this is a metaphor, but accommodations will never 00:19:15.440 --> 00:19:17.130 align:middle line:90% go away. 00:19:17.130 --> 00:19:21.380 align:middle line:84% But when you remove the fence, you remove so many barriers, 00:19:21.380 --> 00:19:23.030 align:middle line:84% and that's kind of the point in this. 00:19:23.030 --> 00:19:28.090 align:middle line:90% 00:19:28.090 --> 00:19:32.860 align:middle line:84% And so I want to talk about the disability and Deaf rights 00:19:32.860 --> 00:19:38.920 align:middle line:84% movement, but does anybody have any questions so far about what 00:19:38.920 --> 00:19:40.090 align:middle line:90% I've been talking about? 00:19:40.090 --> 00:19:44.020 align:middle line:90% 00:19:44.020 --> 00:19:47.120 align:middle line:84% OK, well, feel free to jump at any time. 00:19:47.120 --> 00:19:50.810 align:middle line:90% I am absolutely fine with that. 00:19:50.810 --> 00:19:54.230 align:middle line:84% So the disability and Deaf rights movement 00:19:54.230 --> 00:19:58.790 align:middle line:84% was grounded in the fact that people 00:19:58.790 --> 00:20:02.700 align:middle line:84% didn't feel like their rights were being regarded seriously. 00:20:02.700 --> 00:20:06.110 align:middle line:84% And so members of the disability and Deaf communities 00:20:06.110 --> 00:20:11.090 align:middle line:84% undertook acts of civil disobedience for decades 00:20:11.090 --> 00:20:13.340 align:middle line:90% and still are. 00:20:13.340 --> 00:20:16.250 align:middle line:84% These included things such as boycotts, 00:20:16.250 --> 00:20:22.160 align:middle line:84% blocking traffic, marches and protests, and all of these 00:20:22.160 --> 00:20:24.860 align:middle line:84% were aimed at raising public awareness. 00:20:24.860 --> 00:20:27.710 align:middle line:90% 00:20:27.710 --> 00:20:31.120 align:middle line:84% So I'm going to go through some key legislation 00:20:31.120 --> 00:20:36.350 align:middle line:84% as it relates to the priorities of these movements. 00:20:36.350 --> 00:20:40.840 align:middle line:84% So the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 00:20:40.840 --> 00:20:46.930 align:middle line:84% reflected the need for non-discrimination, 00:20:46.930 --> 00:20:53.840 align:middle line:84% but it was specific to federal funded domains. 00:20:53.840 --> 00:20:57.970 align:middle line:84% So the quote that I have about section 504 00:20:57.970 --> 00:21:02.830 align:middle line:84% of the Rehabilitation Act says, "no otherwise qualified 00:21:02.830 --> 00:21:06.550 align:middle line:84% handicapped individual in the United States 00:21:06.550 --> 00:21:10.090 align:middle line:84% shall solely on the basis of his handicapped, 00:21:10.090 --> 00:21:15.980 align:middle line:84% be excluded from participation, be denied the benefits of, 00:21:15.980 --> 00:21:18.430 align:middle line:84% or be subjected to discrimination 00:21:18.430 --> 00:21:24.600 align:middle line:84% under any program or activity receiving federal funding 00:21:24.600 --> 00:21:28.140 align:middle line:90% or financial assistance." 00:21:28.140 --> 00:21:30.370 align:middle line:84% So that's obviously some outdated wording 00:21:30.370 --> 00:21:35.320 align:middle line:84% because it's from the '70s, but this was kind of a first step 00:21:35.320 --> 00:21:38.990 align:middle line:84% into making discrimination officially illegal, 00:21:38.990 --> 00:21:44.125 align:middle line:84% but it was only for programs that received federal funding. 00:21:44.125 --> 00:21:48.190 align:middle line:90% 00:21:48.190 --> 00:21:54.770 align:middle line:84% And these laws didn't just come out of nowhere, 00:21:54.770 --> 00:21:57.310 align:middle line:84% and that's where some examples are 00:21:57.310 --> 00:22:00.730 align:middle line:84% going to be really helpful to contextualize. 00:22:00.730 --> 00:22:03.610 align:middle line:84% I found that in history books, we 00:22:03.610 --> 00:22:06.910 align:middle line:84% like to talk about what happened, 00:22:06.910 --> 00:22:09.950 align:middle line:84% but we don't really talk about why it happened, 00:22:09.950 --> 00:22:13.860 align:middle line:84% and the why it happened was because of the 504 00:22:13.860 --> 00:22:17.020 align:middle line:84% sit-in that took place right before this 00:22:17.020 --> 00:22:18.880 align:middle line:90% was signed into law. 00:22:18.880 --> 00:22:23.020 align:middle line:84% So it's in the San Francisco federal building. 00:22:23.020 --> 00:22:27.940 align:middle line:84% There was actually a sit-in that lasted 28 days by people 00:22:27.940 --> 00:22:31.330 align:middle line:84% with disabilities and their allies, 00:22:31.330 --> 00:22:36.490 align:middle line:84% and there were about 600 participants in this sit-in. 00:22:36.490 --> 00:22:41.390 align:middle line:84% They took shifts, but the sit-in lasted for 28 days, 00:22:41.390 --> 00:22:43.240 align:middle line:90% which is incredible. 00:22:43.240 --> 00:22:47.500 align:middle line:84% It began with a rally outside the federal building, 00:22:47.500 --> 00:22:51.550 align:middle line:84% and then it went inside, where up to 200 people at a time 00:22:51.550 --> 00:22:54.520 align:middle line:84% would remain there until the end. 00:22:54.520 --> 00:22:56.530 align:middle line:84% There was participation from people 00:22:56.530 --> 00:22:59.190 align:middle line:84% from a wide variety of disabilities 00:22:59.190 --> 00:23:01.330 align:middle line:84% and from different racial backgrounds, 00:23:01.330 --> 00:23:04.460 align:middle line:90% social and economic backgrounds. 00:23:04.460 --> 00:23:08.200 align:middle line:84% And it ranged from adults to children with disabilities 00:23:08.200 --> 00:23:10.180 align:middle line:90% and their parents. 00:23:10.180 --> 00:23:16.690 align:middle line:84% I want to very heavily emphasize the fact that this could not 00:23:16.690 --> 00:23:21.490 align:middle line:84% have happened without allies, and in particular, 00:23:21.490 --> 00:23:25.420 align:middle line:84% the Black Panthers really supported this sit-in 00:23:25.420 --> 00:23:30.820 align:middle line:84% by bringing food and providing other kinds of assistance 00:23:30.820 --> 00:23:33.250 align:middle line:90% to protesters. 00:23:33.250 --> 00:23:37.630 align:middle line:84% So that's very important, on top of the fact 00:23:37.630 --> 00:23:41.230 align:middle line:84% that the other movements that were happening 00:23:41.230 --> 00:23:45.430 align:middle line:84% at the time, such as the civil rights movement 00:23:45.430 --> 00:23:49.150 align:middle line:84% really impacted the way that the disability rights 00:23:49.150 --> 00:23:54.760 align:middle line:84% movement happened because there were tools and examples 00:23:54.760 --> 00:23:56.780 align:middle line:90% that they could look to. 00:23:56.780 --> 00:24:02.830 align:middle line:84% So civil rights leaders very much supported disabled people 00:24:02.830 --> 00:24:04.760 align:middle line:90% during this time and still do. 00:24:04.760 --> 00:24:10.060 align:middle line:90% 00:24:10.060 --> 00:24:13.270 align:middle line:84% So another priority for the disability rights movement 00:24:13.270 --> 00:24:16.460 align:middle line:90% was equality in education. 00:24:16.460 --> 00:24:20.200 align:middle line:84% So we have the IDEA act, which is 00:24:20.200 --> 00:24:24.130 align:middle line:84% the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, 00:24:24.130 --> 00:24:27.310 align:middle line:84% and this was a piece of legislation 00:24:27.310 --> 00:24:30.970 align:middle line:84% that ensured that students with disabilities 00:24:30.970 --> 00:24:35.110 align:middle line:84% a free and appropriate public education that is tailored 00:24:35.110 --> 00:24:37.640 align:middle line:90% to their individual needs. 00:24:37.640 --> 00:24:40.090 align:middle line:84% So this is reminiscent of when we 00:24:40.090 --> 00:24:43.750 align:middle line:84% think of an IEP, an individualized education plan. 00:24:43.750 --> 00:24:48.100 align:middle line:90% 00:24:48.100 --> 00:24:49.990 align:middle line:84% So there were, of course, amendments 00:24:49.990 --> 00:24:54.330 align:middle line:84% to a lot of these acts, and one of them 00:24:54.330 --> 00:25:02.670 align:middle line:84% was in 1978 when activists wanted more established centers 00:25:02.670 --> 00:25:06.270 align:middle line:84% for independent living because a lot of times 00:25:06.270 --> 00:25:10.020 align:middle line:84% people with disabilities were put in nursing homes 00:25:10.020 --> 00:25:15.450 align:middle line:84% or institutionalized, and the institutionalization 00:25:15.450 --> 00:25:17.850 align:middle line:84% of people with disabilities is kind 00:25:17.850 --> 00:25:23.380 align:middle line:84% of its own thing, which I could talk about for quite some time. 00:25:23.380 --> 00:25:28.470 align:middle line:84% However, I will just say that that has been going on 00:25:28.470 --> 00:25:31.090 align:middle line:90% and still to this day happens. 00:25:31.090 --> 00:25:35.040 align:middle line:84% And so that's been an ongoing priority of the disability 00:25:35.040 --> 00:25:35.760 align:middle line:90% rights movement. 00:25:35.760 --> 00:25:38.450 align:middle line:90% 00:25:38.450 --> 00:25:41.890 align:middle line:84% So in terms of the Deaf rights movement, 00:25:41.890 --> 00:25:46.690 align:middle line:84% one of the most influential parts of the movement 00:25:46.690 --> 00:25:53.050 align:middle line:84% was at Gallaudet University in 1988, 00:25:53.050 --> 00:25:57.550 align:middle line:84% where the university appointed a hearing person 00:25:57.550 --> 00:25:59.050 align:middle line:90% as their president. 00:25:59.050 --> 00:26:05.380 align:middle line:84% And so this being a school for the Deaf, 00:26:05.380 --> 00:26:07.790 align:middle line:90% obviously, that is problematic. 00:26:07.790 --> 00:26:12.280 align:middle line:84% And so there were hundreds of protesters that successfully 00:26:12.280 --> 00:26:16.600 align:middle line:84% challenged this decision to appoint a hearing president 00:26:16.600 --> 00:26:18.100 align:middle line:90% to lead their institution. 00:26:18.100 --> 00:26:20.640 align:middle line:90% 00:26:20.640 --> 00:26:24.660 align:middle line:84% And the movement, this particular act 00:26:24.660 --> 00:26:29.560 align:middle line:84% was referred to as Deaf President Now. 00:26:29.560 --> 00:26:33.940 align:middle line:84% So if you want to look for more information on that, 00:26:33.940 --> 00:26:37.590 align:middle line:84% there is plenty out there, and it is amazing 00:26:37.590 --> 00:26:44.860 align:middle line:84% that they were able to make that impact at their institution. 00:26:44.860 --> 00:26:48.520 align:middle line:84% This was right before the Americans with Disabilities Act 00:26:48.520 --> 00:26:51.700 align:middle line:84% was put into place, and the Americans 00:26:51.700 --> 00:26:56.680 align:middle line:84% with Disabilities Act, a lot of us have heard of it. 00:26:56.680 --> 00:27:00.550 align:middle line:84% But I had to reflect on actually how important it 00:27:00.550 --> 00:27:07.240 align:middle line:84% was because this law, this civil rights law, 00:27:07.240 --> 00:27:11.590 align:middle line:84% prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities 00:27:11.590 --> 00:27:16.990 align:middle line:84% in all areas of public life, and this includes jobs, schools, 00:27:16.990 --> 00:27:21.190 align:middle line:84% transportation, and all public and private places that 00:27:21.190 --> 00:27:24.700 align:middle line:90% are open to the general public. 00:27:24.700 --> 00:27:31.210 align:middle line:84% So the reason this is such a big deal in how it's approached 00:27:31.210 --> 00:27:34.830 align:middle line:84% is when we think back to the medical and social model. 00:27:34.830 --> 00:27:41.770 align:middle line:84% This law prioritizes how can we change society 00:27:41.770 --> 00:27:44.980 align:middle line:84% to better include people with disabilities, 00:27:44.980 --> 00:27:49.000 align:middle line:84% rather than saying people with disabilities are the problem, 00:27:49.000 --> 00:27:51.320 align:middle line:84% this is just a different approach. 00:27:51.320 --> 00:27:57.470 align:middle line:84% And it's a piece of legislation that the rest of the world 00:27:57.470 --> 00:28:03.167 align:middle line:84% really looks to in terms of how to address inequality 00:28:03.167 --> 00:28:03.875 align:middle line:90% in their society. 00:28:03.875 --> 00:28:07.940 align:middle line:90% 00:28:07.940 --> 00:28:13.550 align:middle line:84% And of course, again, the ADA didn't just happen. 00:28:13.550 --> 00:28:15.380 align:middle line:90% People had to fight for it. 00:28:15.380 --> 00:28:19.580 align:middle line:84% So in 1990, people were really getting frustrated 00:28:19.580 --> 00:28:22.880 align:middle line:84% because political leaders were just 00:28:22.880 --> 00:28:25.350 align:middle line:90% sitting on this legislation. 00:28:25.350 --> 00:28:32.320 align:middle line:84% We've all seen how things can take a long time to get passed, 00:28:32.320 --> 00:28:36.850 align:middle line:84% and they can get held up, and so people with disabilities 00:28:36.850 --> 00:28:48.140 align:middle line:84% and their allies wanted to have a public and media driven 00:28:48.140 --> 00:28:52.360 align:middle line:84% piece of activism that they could show the world 00:28:52.360 --> 00:28:54.610 align:middle line:90% to get attention. 00:28:54.610 --> 00:28:57.700 align:middle line:84% So the Capitol Crawl happened, and this 00:28:57.700 --> 00:29:00.880 align:middle line:84% is where people with disabilities and allies 00:29:00.880 --> 00:29:06.340 align:middle line:84% of all abilities started climbing up the state 00:29:06.340 --> 00:29:14.560 align:middle line:84% capitol steps in Washington D.C. And this got a lot of attention 00:29:14.560 --> 00:29:18.580 align:middle line:84% because it's very powerful to see people with disabilities 00:29:18.580 --> 00:29:23.170 align:middle line:84% getting out of their chairs, putting their walkers aside, 00:29:23.170 --> 00:29:24.670 align:middle line:90% and struggling to get upstairs. 00:29:24.670 --> 00:29:27.230 align:middle line:90% 00:29:27.230 --> 00:29:30.610 align:middle line:84% There is an image on the screen that shows a little girl who 00:29:30.610 --> 00:29:32.330 align:middle line:90% has cerebral palsy. 00:29:32.330 --> 00:29:36.460 align:middle line:84% She's still an activist today, and I forgot her name, 00:29:36.460 --> 00:29:40.840 align:middle line:84% of course, right now, but she was, in particular-- 00:29:40.840 --> 00:29:43.690 align:middle line:84% she was a focus of this event because it 00:29:43.690 --> 00:29:46.870 align:middle line:84% took her hours to climb up these stairs, 00:29:46.870 --> 00:29:53.770 align:middle line:84% and she was so positive, and I'm not going to say inspirational, 00:29:53.770 --> 00:29:58.180 align:middle line:84% but she really showed the struggle and the fight 00:29:58.180 --> 00:29:59.740 align:middle line:84% that people with disabilities were 00:29:59.740 --> 00:30:02.820 align:middle line:84% willing to do, that we weren't just going 00:30:02.820 --> 00:30:04.530 align:middle line:84% to stay in our homes, that we were 00:30:04.530 --> 00:30:05.745 align:middle line:90% going to actually make noise. 00:30:05.745 --> 00:30:09.860 align:middle line:90% 00:30:09.860 --> 00:30:15.030 align:middle line:84% And so I just had more images on the screen of people climbing 00:30:15.030 --> 00:30:21.040 align:middle line:84% the stairs, and there are a lot of camera crews, 00:30:21.040 --> 00:30:28.140 align:middle line:84% and so that was a very, very important act 00:30:28.140 --> 00:30:32.820 align:middle line:84% of civil disobedience because it really pushed legislators 00:30:32.820 --> 00:30:37.170 align:middle line:90% to sign the ADA into law. 00:30:37.170 --> 00:30:40.290 align:middle line:84% Another priority for disability rights activists 00:30:40.290 --> 00:30:42.390 align:middle line:90% was transportation. 00:30:42.390 --> 00:30:46.530 align:middle line:84% And so I have an image on the screen 00:30:46.530 --> 00:30:51.210 align:middle line:84% that I have been looking for the source for so long, 00:30:51.210 --> 00:30:54.370 align:middle line:84% but it's an image of a man in a wheelchair, 00:30:54.370 --> 00:30:58.380 align:middle line:84% and he is holding a sign in the middle of the street blocking 00:30:58.380 --> 00:31:04.590 align:middle line:84% traffic, and it says, "looking for a bus I can ride." 00:31:04.590 --> 00:31:08.220 align:middle line:84% So I just really liked that because still today, 00:31:08.220 --> 00:31:10.740 align:middle line:84% there is a tactic of blocking traffic. 00:31:10.740 --> 00:31:12.120 align:middle line:90% That's not new. 00:31:12.120 --> 00:31:14.140 align:middle line:90% It's how we get attention. 00:31:14.140 --> 00:31:15.300 align:middle line:90% And it is important. 00:31:15.300 --> 00:31:18.380 align:middle line:90% 00:31:18.380 --> 00:31:22.930 align:middle line:84% And there are similar things going on today. 00:31:22.930 --> 00:31:25.480 align:middle line:84% I have an image on the screen of somebody 00:31:25.480 --> 00:31:31.120 align:middle line:84% holding a sign that says end Uber's discrimination, 00:31:31.120 --> 00:31:38.710 align:middle line:84% and this all stems from the idea that ride sharing has become 00:31:38.710 --> 00:31:42.130 align:middle line:84% so popular now, but it's not entirely 00:31:42.130 --> 00:31:44.960 align:middle line:90% accessible to all people. 00:31:44.960 --> 00:31:49.120 align:middle line:84% And so there is a lot of debate on whether the ADA applies 00:31:49.120 --> 00:31:53.220 align:middle line:84% to Uber and Lyft and other companies like that. 00:31:53.220 --> 00:31:56.660 align:middle line:90% 00:31:56.660 --> 00:32:02.810 align:middle line:84% And of course, health care is an ongoing fight. 00:32:02.810 --> 00:32:09.320 align:middle line:84% I have an image from Rolling Stone magazine from 2008, 00:32:09.320 --> 00:32:16.490 align:middle line:84% I believe, and it is basically people with disabilities 00:32:16.490 --> 00:32:22.310 align:middle line:84% blocking offices of legislators and getting escorted out 00:32:22.310 --> 00:32:24.720 align:middle line:84% of the building by police officers. 00:32:24.720 --> 00:32:27.620 align:middle line:90% So the fight is still going on. 00:32:27.620 --> 00:32:32.350 align:middle line:90% 00:32:32.350 --> 00:32:37.450 align:middle line:84% So AccessComputing is based at the University of Washington, 00:32:37.450 --> 00:32:41.510 align:middle line:84% and we have a wonderful disability studies program. 00:32:41.510 --> 00:32:44.290 align:middle line:84% And so if any of you are interested, 00:32:44.290 --> 00:32:48.100 align:middle line:84% there are so many resources here, 00:32:48.100 --> 00:32:51.820 align:middle line:84% even if you're not a student that UW. 00:32:51.820 --> 00:32:53.710 align:middle line:84% I highly recommend you check it out. 00:32:53.710 --> 00:32:57.290 align:middle line:90% 00:32:57.290 --> 00:33:02.490 align:middle line:84% And so now I want to move in to disability in the media, 00:33:02.490 --> 00:33:07.360 align:middle line:84% and this is a chance really for you to throw in ideas. 00:33:07.360 --> 00:33:11.920 align:middle line:84% If you know of any representation of disability 00:33:11.920 --> 00:33:15.610 align:middle line:84% in the media that you'd like to share, feel free in the chat 00:33:15.610 --> 00:33:17.740 align:middle line:90% or shout it out. 00:33:17.740 --> 00:33:22.550 align:middle line:84% But I want to talk about what media is 00:33:22.550 --> 00:33:25.630 align:middle line:84% and also what representation means. 00:33:25.630 --> 00:33:28.060 align:middle line:84% So when I give these presentations, 00:33:28.060 --> 00:33:31.250 align:middle line:90% I say media is a lot of things. 00:33:31.250 --> 00:33:37.490 align:middle line:84% It's books, it's movies, graphic novels, television, 00:33:37.490 --> 00:33:46.060 align:middle line:84% advertisements, fan fiction, poetry, magazines, radio, 00:33:46.060 --> 00:33:48.350 align:middle line:84% podcasts, things like audio books. 00:33:48.350 --> 00:33:51.410 align:middle line:90% So it's a lot of things. 00:33:51.410 --> 00:33:55.240 align:middle line:90% It's not just TV and movies. 00:33:55.240 --> 00:33:59.530 align:middle line:84% A lot of the examples I will give are from TV and movies 00:33:59.530 --> 00:34:02.530 align:middle line:84% because they're more recognizable to more people. 00:34:02.530 --> 00:34:05.210 align:middle line:90% 00:34:05.210 --> 00:34:07.540 align:middle line:84% And I just want to briefly say that when 00:34:07.540 --> 00:34:12.130 align:middle line:84% I talk about media representation, what we're 00:34:12.130 --> 00:34:14.980 align:middle line:84% really saying is that media representation is 00:34:14.980 --> 00:34:19.900 align:middle line:84% the ways in which the media portrays particular groups, not 00:34:19.900 --> 00:34:23.560 align:middle line:84% necessarily the number of portrayals. 00:34:23.560 --> 00:34:27.380 align:middle line:84% So this includes the accuracy of portrayals 00:34:27.380 --> 00:34:30.610 align:middle line:84% and the diversity of perspectives 00:34:30.610 --> 00:34:33.340 align:middle line:84% and whether or not those portrayals perpetuate 00:34:33.340 --> 00:34:35.260 align:middle line:90% negative stereotypes. 00:34:35.260 --> 00:34:37.932 align:middle line:84% So again, it's not just about quantity. 00:34:37.932 --> 00:34:38.724 align:middle line:90% It's about quality. 00:34:38.724 --> 00:34:42.420 align:middle line:90% 00:34:42.420 --> 00:34:47.340 align:middle line:84% And I'm personally really passionate about media 00:34:47.340 --> 00:34:53.980 align:middle line:84% representation because things like television and movies 00:34:53.980 --> 00:34:56.800 align:middle line:90% influence the way people think. 00:34:56.800 --> 00:35:00.160 align:middle line:84% If portrayals exhibit negative stereotypes, 00:35:00.160 --> 00:35:04.180 align:middle line:84% this will affect how we see groups of people as a whole. 00:35:04.180 --> 00:35:06.820 align:middle line:84% There have been lots of studies on it, 00:35:06.820 --> 00:35:10.330 align:middle line:84% and it's also common sense, right? 00:35:10.330 --> 00:35:13.690 align:middle line:84% The media really does impact how we think. 00:35:13.690 --> 00:35:17.430 align:middle line:90% 00:35:17.430 --> 00:35:19.640 align:middle line:84% So the characters with disabilities 00:35:19.640 --> 00:35:25.100 align:middle line:84% that we do see on TV are typically white males. 00:35:25.100 --> 00:35:29.720 align:middle line:84% In addition to the lack of racial and gender diversity, 00:35:29.720 --> 00:35:31.880 align:middle line:84% many disabled characters are fueled 00:35:31.880 --> 00:35:35.990 align:middle line:84% by stereotypes of overcoming their disability 00:35:35.990 --> 00:35:39.630 align:middle line:84% or being an inspiration to others. 00:35:39.630 --> 00:35:43.380 align:middle line:84% There's nothing wrong with a character being inspirational, 00:35:43.380 --> 00:35:45.150 align:middle line:84% but it shouldn't be the only purpose 00:35:45.150 --> 00:35:47.950 align:middle line:90% that they serve in a narrative. 00:35:47.950 --> 00:35:52.530 align:middle line:84% And so what I really want from characters with disabilities 00:35:52.530 --> 00:35:56.990 align:middle line:84% is if you take away the disability, 00:35:56.990 --> 00:35:59.780 align:middle line:90% is there anything left? 00:35:59.780 --> 00:36:01.970 align:middle line:90% Do they have hobbies? 00:36:01.970 --> 00:36:04.520 align:middle line:90% Do they have friends? 00:36:04.520 --> 00:36:07.790 align:middle line:90% Do they have an arc? 00:36:07.790 --> 00:36:11.210 align:middle line:84% Is their story only centered around their disability? 00:36:11.210 --> 00:36:14.360 align:middle line:84% I want to see things outside of the disability. 00:36:14.360 --> 00:36:18.470 align:middle line:84% That's not to say their disability can't be important, 00:36:18.470 --> 00:36:20.810 align:middle line:84% but there needs to be other things 00:36:20.810 --> 00:36:22.508 align:middle line:90% other than the disability. 00:36:22.508 --> 00:36:25.140 align:middle line:90% 00:36:25.140 --> 00:36:28.070 align:middle line:84% And so this is where tropes come in, 00:36:28.070 --> 00:36:32.810 align:middle line:84% and so I'm going to list some common tropes that we see 00:36:32.810 --> 00:36:35.970 align:middle line:84% in the media for people with disabilities, 00:36:35.970 --> 00:36:38.620 align:middle line:84% and so I'm going to give some examples that I 00:36:38.620 --> 00:36:43.610 align:middle line:84% have experienced when I look at the media. 00:36:43.610 --> 00:36:47.570 align:middle line:84% So the first trope that is very prevalent 00:36:47.570 --> 00:36:54.050 align:middle line:84% is the idea of magic and superpowers in science fiction. 00:36:54.050 --> 00:36:57.050 align:middle line:84% So the image that I have is a picture 00:36:57.050 --> 00:37:01.790 align:middle line:90% of Professor X from X-Men. 00:37:01.790 --> 00:37:04.670 align:middle line:84% A lot of times, he is the first character 00:37:04.670 --> 00:37:08.780 align:middle line:84% that people will mention when I ask them 00:37:08.780 --> 00:37:11.420 align:middle line:84% what characters with disabilities can you think of. 00:37:11.420 --> 00:37:15.100 align:middle line:90% 00:37:15.100 --> 00:37:18.590 align:middle line:84% So this one's a little dark in terms of being a trope. 00:37:18.590 --> 00:37:20.850 align:middle line:90% So very common. 00:37:20.850 --> 00:37:24.680 align:middle line:84% It's very common for the narrative 00:37:24.680 --> 00:37:28.500 align:middle line:84% to be centered around being cured. 00:37:28.500 --> 00:37:33.600 align:middle line:84% And oftentimes, it even involves the characters 00:37:33.600 --> 00:37:34.605 align:middle line:90% dying at the end. 00:37:34.605 --> 00:37:37.330 align:middle line:90% 00:37:37.330 --> 00:37:42.830 align:middle line:84% Many people see death as a mercy to disabled characters, 00:37:42.830 --> 00:37:44.410 align:middle line:84% because they could never be happy 00:37:44.410 --> 00:37:47.470 align:middle line:84% if they aren't cured or normalized. 00:37:47.470 --> 00:37:50.230 align:middle line:90% So a very good example-- 00:37:50.230 --> 00:37:53.380 align:middle line:84% and it's OK if you like this movie. 00:37:53.380 --> 00:37:58.180 align:middle line:84% Any of the examples I give, it's OK if you like them. 00:37:58.180 --> 00:38:02.660 align:middle line:84% But the movie and the book, Me Before You, 00:38:02.660 --> 00:38:07.460 align:middle line:84% is an example of, well, OK, if you don't-- 00:38:07.460 --> 00:38:09.830 align:middle line:90% I guess this is a spoiler. 00:38:09.830 --> 00:38:13.250 align:middle line:84% If you don't want spoilers I've already given away, I'm sorry. 00:38:13.250 --> 00:38:16.370 align:middle line:84% The character does die at the end, and 00:38:16.370 --> 00:38:20.480 align:middle line:84% It is by choice, and it's actually 00:38:20.480 --> 00:38:24.440 align:middle line:84% seen as a good thing when you watch the movie. 00:38:24.440 --> 00:38:27.230 align:middle line:84% It's trying to tell us that this is 00:38:27.230 --> 00:38:31.630 align:middle line:84% a good ending for this character because they can't be happy 00:38:31.630 --> 00:38:33.850 align:middle line:90% as they are. 00:38:33.850 --> 00:38:37.900 align:middle line:90% So sorry for the spoiler there. 00:38:37.900 --> 00:38:39.800 align:middle line:90% But yeah. 00:38:39.800 --> 00:38:42.040 align:middle line:84% So that's a sad trope, so I'm going to try 00:38:42.040 --> 00:38:44.950 align:middle line:90% to get to some better ones. 00:38:44.950 --> 00:38:48.610 align:middle line:84% Of course, my next slide is about villains. 00:38:48.610 --> 00:38:52.210 align:middle line:84% So it's always bad for a person with a disability 00:38:52.210 --> 00:38:53.370 align:middle line:90% to be a villain. 00:38:53.370 --> 00:38:57.540 align:middle line:84% I actually like it sometimes because people 00:38:57.540 --> 00:39:00.930 align:middle line:84% with disabilities don't always have to be victims. 00:39:00.930 --> 00:39:03.550 align:middle line:90% They can be all types of things. 00:39:03.550 --> 00:39:07.950 align:middle line:84% The problem is when the reason for being a villain 00:39:07.950 --> 00:39:11.210 align:middle line:90% is tied in to their disability. 00:39:11.210 --> 00:39:15.730 align:middle line:84% So oftentimes, people will point out the Joker. 00:39:15.730 --> 00:39:19.150 align:middle line:84% That's a very, very common example 00:39:19.150 --> 00:39:24.220 align:middle line:84% of a villain with a disability, and they'll 00:39:24.220 --> 00:39:30.730 align:middle line:84% say he's got PTSD and his anger and his rage comes 00:39:30.730 --> 00:39:34.870 align:middle line:84% from his trauma, which again is OK. 00:39:34.870 --> 00:39:38.410 align:middle line:84% But when we are prominently seeing violence 00:39:38.410 --> 00:39:42.040 align:middle line:84% as a result of the experiences of people 00:39:42.040 --> 00:39:47.880 align:middle line:84% with disabilities and mental illness, that can be a problem. 00:39:47.880 --> 00:39:53.780 align:middle line:84% So I have an example of Scar from The Lion King 00:39:53.780 --> 00:39:58.010 align:middle line:84% as one of the earliest representations of disability 00:39:58.010 --> 00:40:03.850 align:middle line:84% and villain correlation in my childhood. 00:40:03.850 --> 00:40:07.090 align:middle line:84% Scar has the scar on his face, and so we're not just 00:40:07.090 --> 00:40:09.760 align:middle line:84% talking about traditional disabilities. 00:40:09.760 --> 00:40:12.250 align:middle line:84% It's often that villains are tied 00:40:12.250 --> 00:40:18.230 align:middle line:84% with physical disfigurement and physical differences. 00:40:18.230 --> 00:40:22.450 align:middle line:90% 00:40:22.450 --> 00:40:26.400 align:middle line:84% So again, we talked about inspiration. 00:40:26.400 --> 00:40:29.880 align:middle line:84% A lot of times, people with disabilities 00:40:29.880 --> 00:40:32.130 align:middle line:90% are seen as the inspiration. 00:40:32.130 --> 00:40:35.760 align:middle line:84% They teach other people something in the movie 00:40:35.760 --> 00:40:38.410 align:middle line:90% and inspire. 00:40:38.410 --> 00:40:40.800 align:middle line:84% They're often children, but they can 00:40:40.800 --> 00:40:47.090 align:middle line:84% be adults who are seen as being childlike. 00:40:47.090 --> 00:40:50.480 align:middle line:84% So I've got two examples on the screen. 00:40:50.480 --> 00:40:56.810 align:middle line:84% One is the movie Radio, and the other one-- oh, gosh, 00:40:56.810 --> 00:40:57.920 align:middle line:90% the movie just-- 00:40:57.920 --> 00:41:01.740 align:middle line:90% the name just left me. 00:41:01.740 --> 00:41:03.480 align:middle line:90% I forgot, Wonder. 00:41:03.480 --> 00:41:04.920 align:middle line:90% Thank you. 00:41:04.920 --> 00:41:06.630 align:middle line:90% The movie, Wonder. 00:41:06.630 --> 00:41:09.540 align:middle line:84% And again, it's OK if you like these movies. 00:41:09.540 --> 00:41:13.080 align:middle line:84% We're just looking at tropes, and it's OK. 00:41:13.080 --> 00:41:19.890 align:middle line:84% But these are two movies that I remember that really represents 00:41:19.890 --> 00:41:20.880 align:middle line:90% inspiration. 00:41:20.880 --> 00:41:24.540 align:middle line:90% 00:41:24.540 --> 00:41:33.540 align:middle line:84% So oftentimes, blind characters are seen as blind seers. 00:41:33.540 --> 00:41:36.060 align:middle line:90% That's what the trope is called. 00:41:36.060 --> 00:41:39.900 align:middle line:84% And it's where a blind person, who is able to see the future 00:41:39.900 --> 00:41:43.290 align:middle line:84% or gain some sort of otherworldly power 00:41:43.290 --> 00:41:44.970 align:middle line:90% when becoming blind. 00:41:44.970 --> 00:41:49.025 align:middle line:84% And this is relatively common, especially in science fiction. 00:41:49.025 --> 00:41:51.550 align:middle line:90% 00:41:51.550 --> 00:41:53.290 align:middle line:90% That is a trope. 00:41:53.290 --> 00:41:58.690 align:middle line:84% Also, we have a lot of blind weapon masters or fighters. 00:41:58.690 --> 00:42:01.690 align:middle line:84% Again, I've got examples of characters that I like. 00:42:01.690 --> 00:42:06.820 align:middle line:84% So we've got Tosh from Avatar the Last Airbender, who 00:42:06.820 --> 00:42:13.540 align:middle line:84% is one of my favorite characters with a disability in the media. 00:42:13.540 --> 00:42:15.970 align:middle line:90% And then I've got Daredevil. 00:42:15.970 --> 00:42:20.870 align:middle line:84% So we've got-- obviously, Daredevil is blind, 00:42:20.870 --> 00:42:24.790 align:middle line:84% and he is a fighter that has kind 00:42:24.790 --> 00:42:27.190 align:middle line:90% of powers associated with it. 00:42:27.190 --> 00:42:29.710 align:middle line:90% 00:42:29.710 --> 00:42:33.370 align:middle line:84% And one thing that was pointed up to me in my studies 00:42:33.370 --> 00:42:38.560 align:middle line:84% was that blindness is oftentimes used as a humorous tool, 00:42:38.560 --> 00:42:40.660 align:middle line:84% and so I found that to be interesting, 00:42:40.660 --> 00:42:44.710 align:middle line:84% especially in the early representations of media. 00:42:44.710 --> 00:42:47.110 align:middle line:90% There are a lot of examples. 00:42:47.110 --> 00:42:49.840 align:middle line:84% For instance, there was a trope that 00:42:49.840 --> 00:42:55.030 align:middle line:84% was very common in the '50s of blind people driving cars, 00:42:55.030 --> 00:42:59.020 align:middle line:84% and apparently, that was really funny to people, 00:42:59.020 --> 00:43:00.260 align:middle line:90% but it was very common. 00:43:00.260 --> 00:43:03.710 align:middle line:84% So I thought that was interesting. 00:43:03.710 --> 00:43:07.640 align:middle line:84% And overall, there are a lot of examples of superpowers 00:43:07.640 --> 00:43:10.020 align:middle line:90% negating a disability. 00:43:10.020 --> 00:43:15.950 align:middle line:84% So because Marvel has been so popular, a lot of people 00:43:15.950 --> 00:43:20.990 align:middle line:84% think of Dr. Strange, who had an injury to his hands, 00:43:20.990 --> 00:43:24.800 align:middle line:84% but he got powers that negated that. 00:43:24.800 --> 00:43:29.300 align:middle line:84% So it took away from the fact that he couldn't do something 00:43:29.300 --> 00:43:33.530 align:middle line:84% and gave him other things he could do. 00:43:33.530 --> 00:43:37.000 align:middle line:90% So that is a trope. 00:43:37.000 --> 00:43:40.330 align:middle line:84% And then neurodiversity as supernatural 00:43:40.330 --> 00:43:43.940 align:middle line:90% is also very common. 00:43:43.940 --> 00:43:47.860 align:middle line:84% So this means that someone who autistic 00:43:47.860 --> 00:43:54.490 align:middle line:84% is therefore supernatural or has an autistic genius stereotype. 00:43:54.490 --> 00:43:58.570 align:middle line:84% So you see this, and a lot of times, it's coded. 00:43:58.570 --> 00:44:01.720 align:middle line:84% So characters aren't named as autistic, 00:44:01.720 --> 00:44:04.750 align:middle line:84% but they're coded as being autistic, 00:44:04.750 --> 00:44:07.840 align:middle line:90% for example, Sherlock Holmes. 00:44:07.840 --> 00:44:12.910 align:middle line:84% A lot of people also bring the example of Sheldon 00:44:12.910 --> 00:44:16.780 align:middle line:84% from The Big Bang Theory, although writers 00:44:16.780 --> 00:44:20.660 align:middle line:90% say he's not neurodivergent. 00:44:20.660 --> 00:44:23.530 align:middle line:84% He's definitely written that way, 00:44:23.530 --> 00:44:25.920 align:middle line:90% and it's for humorous purposes. 00:44:25.920 --> 00:44:29.240 align:middle line:84% So in my eyes, this is problematic. 00:44:29.240 --> 00:44:32.900 align:middle line:84% Again, you can like the show, but it's very interesting 00:44:32.900 --> 00:44:36.590 align:middle line:84% that autism is very coded in media. 00:44:36.590 --> 00:44:39.300 align:middle line:90% 00:44:39.300 --> 00:44:42.210 align:middle line:84% And there are also good examples of people 00:44:42.210 --> 00:44:44.250 align:middle line:90% with disabilities in the media. 00:44:44.250 --> 00:44:47.700 align:middle line:84% We can't leave out actors with disabilities 00:44:47.700 --> 00:44:50.010 align:middle line:84% if we're going to talk about the media. 00:44:50.010 --> 00:44:55.500 align:middle line:84% So I may have left out some people. 00:44:55.500 --> 00:45:00.030 align:middle line:84% And so if you want to type in the chat or see an example, 00:45:00.030 --> 00:45:02.670 align:middle line:90% go ahead. 00:45:02.670 --> 00:45:07.060 align:middle line:84% A lot of people say, OK, Tyrion from Game of Thrones. 00:45:07.060 --> 00:45:11.730 align:middle line:84% That is probably one of the most common characters 00:45:11.730 --> 00:45:15.450 align:middle line:84% that people tell me when I'm giving presentations. 00:45:15.450 --> 00:45:18.330 align:middle line:84% There is also a show called Everything's Gonna 00:45:18.330 --> 00:45:21.900 align:middle line:90% Be OK on Freeform. 00:45:21.900 --> 00:45:23.620 align:middle line:90% I love it. 00:45:23.620 --> 00:45:29.430 align:middle line:84% It's very funny, and it features an autistic actress. 00:45:29.430 --> 00:45:32.960 align:middle line:84% There's this show Speechless, who 00:45:32.960 --> 00:45:40.410 align:middle line:90% features an actor who has CP. 00:45:40.410 --> 00:45:42.840 align:middle line:90% So that's very good. 00:45:42.840 --> 00:45:46.180 align:middle line:84% Switched at Birth was a show that aired, 00:45:46.180 --> 00:45:49.380 align:middle line:84% and that features actresses and actors 00:45:49.380 --> 00:45:52.020 align:middle line:90% who are hearing impaired. 00:45:52.020 --> 00:45:53.820 align:middle line:90% So I really do like that show. 00:45:53.820 --> 00:45:58.170 align:middle line:84% However, it is very cheesy and teen drama-y. 00:45:58.170 --> 00:46:01.530 align:middle line:84% It's still great because it features a lot 00:46:01.530 --> 00:46:04.830 align:middle line:90% of different perspectives. 00:46:04.830 --> 00:46:08.790 align:middle line:84% I also included Marlee Matlin on the screen 00:46:08.790 --> 00:46:14.610 align:middle line:84% because she is an amazing actress and was one of-- 00:46:14.610 --> 00:46:19.170 align:middle line:84% she was one of the first Deaf actresses to receive an Oscar, 00:46:19.170 --> 00:46:19.920 align:middle line:90% I believe. 00:46:19.920 --> 00:46:26.230 align:middle line:84% So she's been very critically acclaimed in her work. 00:46:26.230 --> 00:46:29.430 align:middle line:84% And so the point is that we can do better. 00:46:29.430 --> 00:46:33.300 align:middle line:84% Diversity must be a priority because if it's not we 00:46:33.300 --> 00:46:38.610 align:middle line:84% end up with writing rooms that are filled with white men, 00:46:38.610 --> 00:46:44.010 align:middle line:84% and it allows for the neglect of diverse perspectives. 00:46:44.010 --> 00:46:46.140 align:middle line:84% It also allows for white upper class 00:46:46.140 --> 00:46:49.470 align:middle line:84% and able-bodied characters to be the norm, 00:46:49.470 --> 00:46:55.920 align:middle line:84% and anything that is different is a deviation from this norm. 00:46:55.920 --> 00:47:00.240 align:middle line:84% I want to see more people with disabilities 00:47:00.240 --> 00:47:03.220 align:middle line:84% in all types of roles in the media, 00:47:03.220 --> 00:47:04.680 align:middle line:90% including advertisements. 00:47:04.680 --> 00:47:09.840 align:middle line:84% I want to see them as models, as people who work, 00:47:09.840 --> 00:47:12.060 align:middle line:90% as people who are parents. 00:47:12.060 --> 00:47:16.050 align:middle line:84% I want to see examples of invisible disabilities 00:47:16.050 --> 00:47:18.880 align:middle line:84% because invisible disabilities matter. 00:47:18.880 --> 00:47:24.240 align:middle line:84% And I see more examples coming up, but what I found 00:47:24.240 --> 00:47:27.810 align:middle line:84% is it's significantly more hard to find 00:47:27.810 --> 00:47:33.960 align:middle line:84% decent and true representations of invisible disabilities 00:47:33.960 --> 00:47:34.505 align:middle line:90% in the media. 00:47:34.505 --> 00:47:37.450 align:middle line:90% 00:47:37.450 --> 00:47:46.630 align:middle line:84% And so that is my very, very quick overview 00:47:46.630 --> 00:47:53.740 align:middle line:84% of the media and representation that I'm familiar with, 00:47:53.740 --> 00:47:57.250 align:middle line:84% but I'd love to hear any examples you have 00:47:57.250 --> 00:47:58.930 align:middle line:90% where any questions you have. 00:47:58.930 --> 00:48:02.570 align:middle line:90% We have about five minutes. 00:48:02.570 --> 00:48:09.520 align:middle line:84% So please feel free because I know this is a lot to take in, 00:48:09.520 --> 00:48:12.950 align:middle line:90% but I find it to be fun. 00:48:12.950 --> 00:48:16.480 align:middle line:84% So if you have any questions, feel free. 00:48:16.480 --> 00:48:20.830 align:middle line:84% I am here to answer any or listen to your ideas. 00:48:20.830 --> 00:48:22.720 align:middle line:84% I certainly don't have all the answers, 00:48:22.720 --> 00:48:26.460 align:middle line:90% but I'm here to listen to. 00:48:26.460 --> 00:48:29.560 align:middle line:90% 00:48:29.560 --> 00:48:30.520 align:middle line:90% Oh, thank you, Shelby. 00:48:30.520 --> 00:48:32.970 align:middle line:90% Thank you for coming. 00:48:32.970 --> 00:48:35.550 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:48:35.550 --> 00:48:39.150 align:middle line:84% This has been recorded, so if you want to refer back 00:48:39.150 --> 00:48:41.220 align:middle line:90% to anything, you can. 00:48:41.220 --> 00:48:44.760 align:middle line:84% If you want my PowerPoint, just send me an email, 00:48:44.760 --> 00:48:46.140 align:middle line:90% and I will send it to you. 00:48:46.140 --> 00:48:48.830 align:middle line:90% 00:48:48.830 --> 00:48:52.240 align:middle line:90% I am happy to do that as well. 00:48:52.240 --> 00:48:54.040 align:middle line:90% Well, thank you for coming. 00:48:54.040 --> 00:48:55.690 align:middle line:90% Oh, yeah, sorry. 00:48:55.690 --> 00:48:57.310 align:middle line:84% Pria: I just had a quick question. 00:48:57.310 --> 00:49:00.650 align:middle line:84% Firstly, thank you for the presentation. 00:49:00.650 --> 00:49:02.860 align:middle line:90% My name is Pria. 00:49:02.860 --> 00:49:06.650 align:middle line:84% I had a question revolving around the villain slide. 00:49:06.650 --> 00:49:08.470 align:middle line:84% So my audio got cut out a little bit. 00:49:08.470 --> 00:49:14.650 align:middle line:84% But from what I got to hear is like-- 00:49:14.650 --> 00:49:22.870 align:middle line:84% I wanted to know what is like people with disabilities, 00:49:22.870 --> 00:49:25.780 align:middle line:84% typically when they're displayed as an evil character, 00:49:25.780 --> 00:49:28.310 align:middle line:84% it like has to do with their disability. 00:49:28.310 --> 00:49:32.670 align:middle line:84% So I wanted to know why that is OK. 00:49:32.670 --> 00:49:34.043 align:middle line:90% Like why is that-- 00:49:34.043 --> 00:49:35.710 align:middle line:84% I think we were talking about the Joker, 00:49:35.710 --> 00:49:37.918 align:middle line:84% but it kind of got cut off, so I was wondering if you 00:49:37.918 --> 00:49:39.550 align:middle line:90% could expand on that again. 00:49:39.550 --> 00:49:41.050 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah. 00:49:41.050 --> 00:49:45.980 align:middle line:84% My main answer to that is that writers are lazy. 00:49:45.980 --> 00:49:49.920 align:middle line:84% When we have villains, we're trying to look for a reason 00:49:49.920 --> 00:49:52.330 align:middle line:90% that they do what they do. 00:49:52.330 --> 00:49:58.770 align:middle line:84% And a lot of times, we're going to associate disability 00:49:58.770 --> 00:50:01.920 align:middle line:90% with anger and violence. 00:50:01.920 --> 00:50:05.040 align:middle line:84% When a tragedy happens, when there's gun violence, 00:50:05.040 --> 00:50:09.310 align:middle line:84% people say, oh, we need to do something about mental illness. 00:50:09.310 --> 00:50:14.340 align:middle line:84% It's like why are we so quick to associate disabilities 00:50:14.340 --> 00:50:19.300 align:middle line:84% and mental differences with violence. 00:50:19.300 --> 00:50:23.450 align:middle line:84% And so I think it's-- yeah, I think it's laziness, 00:50:23.450 --> 00:50:28.210 align:middle line:84% and I think that it has a lot to do with the fact that we 00:50:28.210 --> 00:50:33.290 align:middle line:84% associate violence and anger with disability. 00:50:33.290 --> 00:50:41.296 align:middle line:84% So that's my takeaway, but it's certainly not the only answer. 00:50:41.296 --> 00:50:42.070 align:middle line:90% Pria: That helps. 00:50:42.070 --> 00:50:42.910 align:middle line:90% Thank you. 00:50:42.910 --> 00:50:44.170 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah. 00:50:44.170 --> 00:50:45.310 align:middle line:90% Carmel: I have a comment. 00:50:45.310 --> 00:50:46.060 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah. 00:50:46.060 --> 00:50:49.000 align:middle line:84% Carmel: This is Carmel, by the way. 00:50:49.000 --> 00:50:52.420 align:middle line:84% I was thinking when you asked about examples, 00:50:52.420 --> 00:50:55.690 align:middle line:84% like one of the examples I thought of was from Toy Story 00:50:55.690 --> 00:50:59.740 align:middle line:84% 4, which I cannot stand that movie. 00:50:59.740 --> 00:51:02.500 align:middle line:84% But there's like a villain that's 00:51:02.500 --> 00:51:04.930 align:middle line:84% like a porcelain doll or something, 00:51:04.930 --> 00:51:08.620 align:middle line:90% and her voice box doesn't work. 00:51:08.620 --> 00:51:10.960 align:middle line:84% And throughout the whole movie, she's 00:51:10.960 --> 00:51:15.130 align:middle line:84% like trying to take Woody's voice box, which is just-- 00:51:15.130 --> 00:51:18.260 align:middle line:84% it's just like-- the whole thing is just messed up. 00:51:18.260 --> 00:51:22.570 align:middle line:84% And in the end, he ends up giving it to her, 00:51:22.570 --> 00:51:26.660 align:middle line:84% and like, I think Pria, to your point, 00:51:26.660 --> 00:51:31.720 align:middle line:84% I think one of the reasons why they're villains is because-- 00:51:31.720 --> 00:51:33.070 align:middle line:90% I think, I don't know. 00:51:33.070 --> 00:51:34.360 align:middle line:90% This is just my opinion. 00:51:34.360 --> 00:51:37.290 align:middle line:84% I think it's because people are afraid of disabilities, 00:51:37.290 --> 00:51:39.040 align:middle line:84% and when you make a villain, sometimes you 00:51:39.040 --> 00:51:41.650 align:middle line:84% want to make them like the scariest thing you 00:51:41.650 --> 00:51:43.030 align:middle line:90% can think of. 00:51:43.030 --> 00:51:45.790 align:middle line:84% So like I think that's like part of it. 00:51:45.790 --> 00:51:49.330 align:middle line:84% And then the other point of me bringing that up was I 00:51:49.330 --> 00:51:53.290 align:middle line:84% thought it was really interesting in a negative way 00:51:53.290 --> 00:51:57.310 align:middle line:84% that like the hero ends up giving up something 00:51:57.310 --> 00:52:01.900 align:middle line:90% for this poor disabled thing. 00:52:01.900 --> 00:52:03.580 align:middle line:90% So it's just like a-- 00:52:03.580 --> 00:52:07.700 align:middle line:84% yeah, I thought that was a really interesting example. 00:52:07.700 --> 00:52:11.185 align:middle line:84% And then there's that famous example the-- 00:52:11.185 --> 00:52:12.790 align:middle line:84% oh my God, what is that movie called? 00:52:12.790 --> 00:52:17.140 align:middle line:84% It's like the fish guy, and like the main character 00:52:17.140 --> 00:52:18.400 align:middle line:90% is a woman who's Deaf. 00:52:18.400 --> 00:52:20.275 align:middle line:84% I can't remember what it's called, like Shape 00:52:20.275 --> 00:52:21.192 align:middle line:90% of Water or something. 00:52:21.192 --> 00:52:21.942 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah. 00:52:21.942 --> 00:52:22.540 align:middle line:90% Carmel: Yeah. 00:52:22.540 --> 00:52:24.400 align:middle line:84% I remember reading an analysis of it. 00:52:24.400 --> 00:52:26.680 align:middle line:84% I would never watch that because I was like, 00:52:26.680 --> 00:52:28.210 align:middle line:90% I can't stomach that. 00:52:28.210 --> 00:52:32.230 align:middle line:84% I remember reading an analysis from a Deaf person 00:52:32.230 --> 00:52:35.560 align:middle line:84% that watched it, and she was saying 00:52:35.560 --> 00:52:40.480 align:middle line:84% that like it's so weird that like able people 00:52:40.480 --> 00:52:45.090 align:middle line:84% think that disabled people can only be loved by monsters. 00:52:45.090 --> 00:52:46.840 align:middle line:84% Like, it was like one of those themes that 00:52:46.840 --> 00:52:51.380 align:middle line:84% was like kind of interesting that's like kind of gross. 00:52:51.380 --> 00:52:55.840 align:middle line:84% So I kind of want them to wash that away. 00:52:55.840 --> 00:52:58.170 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 00:52:58.170 --> 00:53:00.070 align:middle line:84% Yeah, I have tons of examples, but I'm 00:53:00.070 --> 00:53:02.910 align:middle line:84% going to let everybody else talk, too. 00:53:02.910 --> 00:53:04.890 align:middle line:84% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah, thank you for sharing that. 00:53:04.890 --> 00:53:07.740 align:middle line:84% Oh, and one thing, captioner, feel 00:53:07.740 --> 00:53:12.490 align:middle line:84% free to head out when you need to. 00:53:12.490 --> 00:53:14.840 align:middle line:90% That is totally fine. 00:53:14.840 --> 00:53:19.830 align:middle line:84% Yeah, I have not seen Toy Story 4. 00:53:19.830 --> 00:53:21.810 align:middle line:84% I want to, but that's really interesting 00:53:21.810 --> 00:53:23.730 align:middle line:90% that you brought that up. 00:53:23.730 --> 00:53:27.240 align:middle line:84% And I feel the same about The Shape of Water. 00:53:27.240 --> 00:53:30.130 align:middle line:90% I am hesitant to watch it. 00:53:30.130 --> 00:53:35.220 align:middle line:84% But I did watch Me Before You simply 00:53:35.220 --> 00:53:38.310 align:middle line:90% because I wanted to know-- 00:53:38.310 --> 00:53:44.580 align:middle line:84% if I'm going to criticize it, I wanted to have the background. 00:53:44.580 --> 00:53:49.110 align:middle line:84% I did skip a lot, but yeah, so that 00:53:49.110 --> 00:53:50.820 align:middle line:90% was an interesting experience. 00:53:50.820 --> 00:53:54.550 align:middle line:84% And I've given presentations where people are like, 00:53:54.550 --> 00:53:56.420 align:middle line:90% but I like that movie. 00:53:56.420 --> 00:53:57.770 align:middle line:90% It's a good movie. 00:53:57.770 --> 00:53:58.590 align:middle line:90% Just be aware. 00:53:58.590 --> 00:54:01.950 align:middle line:84% I mean, we can't escape problematic things. 00:54:01.950 --> 00:54:03.600 align:middle line:90% We just can't. 00:54:03.600 --> 00:54:09.450 align:middle line:84% And so you just have to think really critically about them. 00:54:09.450 --> 00:54:10.890 align:middle line:84% But thank you for those examples. 00:54:10.890 --> 00:54:12.660 align:middle line:84% If anyone else has examples, I'd love 00:54:12.660 --> 00:54:18.240 align:middle line:84% to hear them because you can do as many Google searches 00:54:18.240 --> 00:54:20.610 align:middle line:84% as you want, but it's just not something 00:54:20.610 --> 00:54:22.710 align:middle line:84% that's easy to find if you haven't seen it. 00:54:22.710 --> 00:54:27.520 align:middle line:90% 00:54:27.520 --> 00:54:29.660 align:middle line:84% Does anyone else have a character 00:54:29.660 --> 00:54:32.890 align:middle line:84% with a disability they really like that they've seen? 00:54:32.890 --> 00:54:35.245 align:middle line:90% 00:54:35.245 --> 00:54:36.620 align:middle line:84% Pria: We already talked about it, 00:54:36.620 --> 00:54:39.530 align:middle line:90% but I really liked Daredevil. 00:54:39.530 --> 00:54:40.370 align:middle line:90% I liked that show. 00:54:40.370 --> 00:54:43.370 align:middle line:90% 00:54:43.370 --> 00:54:45.350 align:middle line:84% Carmel: Yeah, I love Toph, by the way. 00:54:45.350 --> 00:54:47.210 align:middle line:84% That was one of the examples I came in 00:54:47.210 --> 00:54:49.940 align:middle line:90% with that I was thinking of. 00:54:49.940 --> 00:54:52.490 align:middle line:84% And I really like her because she 00:54:52.490 --> 00:54:57.890 align:middle line:84% learned how to navigate the world in a more effective way 00:54:57.890 --> 00:55:01.940 align:middle line:84% than other people by like learning from like the badger 00:55:01.940 --> 00:55:04.400 align:middle line:84% moles because they're like blind too. 00:55:04.400 --> 00:55:09.020 align:middle line:84% But it's really cool because she learned 00:55:09.020 --> 00:55:11.310 align:middle line:84% how to interact with the world in a different way. 00:55:11.310 --> 00:55:13.590 align:middle line:84% And it's actually like more effective. 00:55:13.590 --> 00:55:16.750 align:middle line:84% So I thought that's a really strong example. 00:55:16.750 --> 00:55:18.320 align:middle line:90% Fred: Yeah. 00:55:18.320 --> 00:55:21.620 align:middle line:84% And also, there's a new character 00:55:21.620 --> 00:55:23.080 align:middle line:84% that will be introduced-- there's 00:55:23.080 --> 00:55:25.010 align:middle line:84% going to be a new disabled character 00:55:25.010 --> 00:55:30.660 align:middle line:84% in the movie The Eternals, introducing the mute. 00:55:30.660 --> 00:55:31.910 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah, I saw that. 00:55:31.910 --> 00:55:33.413 align:middle line:90% I'm really excited for that. 00:55:33.413 --> 00:55:34.580 align:middle line:90% Fred: That will intrigue me. 00:55:34.580 --> 00:55:37.170 align:middle line:84% I'd be excited to see The Eternals coming up, 00:55:37.170 --> 00:55:42.440 align:middle line:84% so adding more diversity to the Marvel universe. 00:55:42.440 --> 00:55:44.030 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah, absolutely. 00:55:44.030 --> 00:55:47.270 align:middle line:90% 00:55:47.270 --> 00:55:51.090 align:middle line:84% Yeah, I do a presentation only on media. 00:55:51.090 --> 00:55:56.680 align:middle line:84% This was kind of very broad what I did here, but I show clips 00:55:56.680 --> 00:56:01.810 align:middle line:84% and there are so many funny moments with Toph. 00:56:01.810 --> 00:56:04.600 align:middle line:84% I think the one that I currently show 00:56:04.600 --> 00:56:09.400 align:middle line:84% is where the group of characters go to a library, 00:56:09.400 --> 00:56:13.710 align:middle line:84% and they ask her if she'd like to come, and she said, 00:56:13.710 --> 00:56:17.230 align:middle line:84% oh, no, libraries don't really do it for me, 00:56:17.230 --> 00:56:19.670 align:middle line:84% and it's just a very funny moment. 00:56:19.670 --> 00:56:21.085 align:middle line:84% Fred: Yeah, that is pretty funny. 00:56:21.085 --> 00:56:24.780 align:middle line:90% 00:56:24.780 --> 00:56:27.780 align:middle line:84% KAYLA BROWN: OK, so I see questions in the chat. 00:56:27.780 --> 00:56:29.750 align:middle line:84% I just want to make sure I address them. 00:56:29.750 --> 00:56:33.010 align:middle line:84% So Silvana asked I'm wondering about mental illness, 00:56:33.010 --> 00:56:36.540 align:middle line:84% like depression, anxiety, and PTSD 00:56:36.540 --> 00:56:40.970 align:middle line:84% and if these are protected disabilities. 00:56:40.970 --> 00:56:45.360 align:middle line:84% So I think there are several layers to that. 00:56:45.360 --> 00:56:51.990 align:middle line:84% You can certainly get things like accommodations at school. 00:56:51.990 --> 00:56:54.300 align:middle line:84% Because disability is medicalized 00:56:54.300 --> 00:57:04.110 align:middle line:84% and to get services, oftentimes it only relies on doctor-- 00:57:04.110 --> 00:57:06.610 align:middle line:90% the word just left me. 00:57:06.610 --> 00:57:09.840 align:middle line:84% But if you get documentation from a doctor. 00:57:09.840 --> 00:57:15.290 align:middle line:84% In terms of the ADA and things like that, I believe yes, 00:57:15.290 --> 00:57:18.650 align:middle line:84% but I'll actually look and get back to you on that. 00:57:18.650 --> 00:57:20.110 align:middle line:90% I am not-- 00:57:20.110 --> 00:57:24.050 align:middle line:84% I want to make sure I give you the right information. 00:57:24.050 --> 00:57:27.358 align:middle line:90% But certainly, if a person-- 00:57:27.358 --> 00:57:28.900 align:middle line:84% and this is where it gets complicated 00:57:28.900 --> 00:57:31.820 align:middle line:84% because I have talked to some people who say, 00:57:31.820 --> 00:57:34.840 align:middle line:84% well, I have this mental illness, but am I disabled? 00:57:34.840 --> 00:57:38.200 align:middle line:84% And my response to them is, well, 00:57:38.200 --> 00:57:42.100 align:middle line:84% I'm not going to label you, but it certainly 00:57:42.100 --> 00:57:47.290 align:middle line:84% is a valid thing if it affects your everyday life 00:57:47.290 --> 00:57:50.140 align:middle line:90% to identify as disabled. 00:57:50.140 --> 00:57:54.460 align:middle line:84% No one can tell you whether you identify as such, 00:57:54.460 --> 00:57:56.920 align:middle line:84% but of course, we're tied to that documentation. 00:57:56.920 --> 00:58:01.100 align:middle line:90% 00:58:01.100 --> 00:58:05.140 align:middle line:84% So I can't answer your question in the best way, 00:58:05.140 --> 00:58:08.255 align:middle line:84% but I will look more into that in a legal sense. 00:58:08.255 --> 00:58:13.440 align:middle line:90% 00:58:13.440 --> 00:58:19.230 align:middle line:84% There is-- OK, so Angelica, you said, 00:58:19.230 --> 00:58:21.030 align:middle line:84% "One thing I wanted to share some of you 00:58:21.030 --> 00:58:24.910 align:middle line:84% haven't watched it is the Pixar short Loop. 00:58:24.910 --> 00:58:28.770 align:middle line:84% It has a character who is non-verbal autistic who is also 00:58:28.770 --> 00:58:30.510 align:middle line:90% played by an autistic actor. 00:58:30.510 --> 00:58:35.040 align:middle line:84% I really enjoyed the short for those of you with Disney Plus." 00:58:35.040 --> 00:58:36.000 align:middle line:90% That is amazing. 00:58:36.000 --> 00:58:37.660 align:middle line:90% I will check it out for sure. 00:58:37.660 --> 00:58:40.060 align:middle line:90% Fred: Me too. 00:58:40.060 --> 00:58:42.970 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah, absolutely. 00:58:42.970 --> 00:58:47.080 align:middle line:84% It's so rare to have disabled characters played 00:58:47.080 --> 00:58:49.090 align:middle line:90% by disabled actors. 00:58:49.090 --> 00:58:53.830 align:middle line:84% So I just watched a movie that came out 00:58:53.830 --> 00:58:59.290 align:middle line:84% last week I think on Friday called Run, and it is scary. 00:58:59.290 --> 00:59:01.720 align:middle line:84% It's kind of like a suspense thriller. 00:59:01.720 --> 00:59:03.700 align:middle line:90% It's on Hulu. 00:59:03.700 --> 00:59:08.290 align:middle line:84% The main character does have a disability, 00:59:08.290 --> 00:59:15.280 align:middle line:84% and it's just really good if you like suspenseful scary movies. 00:59:15.280 --> 00:59:18.110 align:middle line:90% 00:59:18.110 --> 00:59:21.970 align:middle line:84% But that was really, really refreshing, 00:59:21.970 --> 00:59:25.980 align:middle line:84% and that character who uses a wheelchair, 00:59:25.980 --> 00:59:28.720 align:middle line:84% she is really into STEM and robotics, 00:59:28.720 --> 00:59:31.210 align:middle line:84% so I thought that was also a cool touch. 00:59:31.210 --> 00:59:36.540 align:middle line:90% 00:59:36.540 --> 00:59:39.900 align:middle line:84% I don't know if I missed any other questions, 00:59:39.900 --> 00:59:42.860 align:middle line:84% but yeah, I mean, this is all really fun to talk about, 00:59:42.860 --> 00:59:47.520 align:middle line:84% and I just wanted to have an outlet for me to talk to some 00:59:47.520 --> 00:59:52.090 align:middle line:84% of you, and definitely, if you have 00:59:52.090 --> 00:59:56.980 align:middle line:84% any recommendations of any media that has characters 00:59:56.980 --> 01:00:00.490 align:middle line:84% with disabilities, let me know, because I'm always 01:00:00.490 --> 01:00:02.620 align:middle line:90% looking for more. 01:00:02.620 --> 01:00:04.100 align:middle line:84% Carmel: Well, I have another one. 01:00:04.100 --> 01:00:05.308 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah, go for it. 01:00:05.308 --> 01:00:07.910 align:middle line:84% Carmel: Yeah, so this is Carmel again. 01:00:07.910 --> 01:00:12.820 align:middle line:84% And my other recommendation is The Dragon Prince, 01:00:12.820 --> 01:00:15.820 align:middle line:84% which I think is the same writers of Avatar. 01:00:15.820 --> 01:00:18.550 align:middle line:90% Somebody from there is the same. 01:00:18.550 --> 01:00:22.610 align:middle line:84% They have General Amaya, she signs throughout the show. 01:00:22.610 --> 01:00:28.030 align:middle line:84% So yeah, she's like also one of those like fighting characters. 01:00:28.030 --> 01:00:29.950 align:middle line:84% She's like very good at fighting, 01:00:29.950 --> 01:00:31.450 align:middle line:84% so that's like an interesting thing. 01:00:31.450 --> 01:00:32.847 align:middle line:90% It fits with the trope. 01:00:32.847 --> 01:00:34.180 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Oh, that's awesome. 01:00:34.180 --> 01:00:35.960 align:middle line:90% I will check it out. 01:00:35.960 --> 01:00:39.235 align:middle line:84% That's on my list of things to watch, the long list. 01:00:39.235 --> 01:00:44.920 align:middle line:90% 01:00:44.920 --> 01:00:51.310 align:middle line:84% I recently watched Full Metal Alchemist. 01:00:51.310 --> 01:00:53.832 align:middle line:84% I can't believe I had never watched it before. 01:00:53.832 --> 01:00:55.540 align:middle line:84% Fred: I think I should probably watch the 01:00:55.540 --> 01:01:00.250 align:middle line:84% How to Train a Dragon because I know one of the protagonists 01:01:00.250 --> 01:01:03.590 align:middle line:90% is disabled. 01:01:03.590 --> 01:01:07.240 align:middle line:84% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah, disability is approached really 01:01:07.240 --> 01:01:11.170 align:middle line:84% in an interesting way in that show 01:01:11.170 --> 01:01:15.100 align:middle line:84% because there is literally a town that 01:01:15.100 --> 01:01:18.470 align:middle line:84% is dedicated to making assistive technology. 01:01:18.470 --> 01:01:21.580 align:middle line:84% And if you need a prosthetic or something like that, 01:01:21.580 --> 01:01:25.820 align:middle line:84% you go to this town, and it's like this craft, 01:01:25.820 --> 01:01:27.400 align:middle line:90% and it's well-respected also. 01:01:27.400 --> 01:01:31.092 align:middle line:84% So I thought that was interesting. 01:01:31.092 --> 01:01:35.067 align:middle line:90% 01:01:35.067 --> 01:01:36.150 align:middle line:90% Pria: Another thing that-- 01:01:36.150 --> 01:01:37.987 align:middle line:84% oh, sorry, this is Pria speaking. 01:01:37.987 --> 01:01:39.570 align:middle line:84% But one thing that I found interesting 01:01:39.570 --> 01:01:43.380 align:middle line:84% about the presentation is that I watch a lot of cinema 01:01:43.380 --> 01:01:45.200 align:middle line:90% from India, specifically. 01:01:45.200 --> 01:01:47.820 align:middle line:84% And like a lot of the themes are really similar. 01:01:47.820 --> 01:01:51.630 align:middle line:84% Like when people with disabilities 01:01:51.630 --> 01:01:53.850 align:middle line:84% in their characters in a movie, they're typically 01:01:53.850 --> 01:01:58.170 align:middle line:84% only portrayed as either funny, like a humor type of movie, 01:01:58.170 --> 01:02:01.860 align:middle line:84% or they're portrayed as like need to be saved 01:02:01.860 --> 01:02:03.840 align:middle line:84% or like their life has to end in order 01:02:03.840 --> 01:02:05.780 align:middle line:84% for it to be a fulfilling or something. 01:02:05.780 --> 01:02:07.155 align:middle line:84% I just thought it was interesting 01:02:07.155 --> 01:02:11.370 align:middle line:84% that media has seen people with disabilities in the same light 01:02:11.370 --> 01:02:14.200 align:middle line:84% across the world, like in the same way. 01:02:14.200 --> 01:02:15.930 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah, absolutely. 01:02:15.930 --> 01:02:18.720 align:middle line:90% 01:02:18.720 --> 01:02:22.050 align:middle line:84% I didn't get a chance to talk about it, 01:02:22.050 --> 01:02:25.920 align:middle line:84% but there a movie called Margarita with a Straw. 01:02:25.920 --> 01:02:27.220 align:middle line:90% Have you seen it? 01:02:27.220 --> 01:02:29.340 align:middle line:84% Pria: I haven't seen it, but I know about it. 01:02:29.340 --> 01:02:30.360 align:middle line:90% I know the director. 01:02:30.360 --> 01:02:32.520 align:middle line:84% She also made Sky is Pink or maybe not. 01:02:32.520 --> 01:02:33.383 align:middle line:90% I don't know. 01:02:33.383 --> 01:02:35.550 align:middle line:84% KAYLA BROWN: I'll have to check out her other stuff, 01:02:35.550 --> 01:02:40.020 align:middle line:84% but I thought that was a really cool example because-- 01:02:40.020 --> 01:02:42.090 align:middle line:90% the main character has CP. 01:02:42.090 --> 01:02:45.120 align:middle line:84% It's not played by somebody who has CP. 01:02:45.120 --> 01:02:50.490 align:middle line:84% However, they did a lot of work with consulting 01:02:50.490 --> 01:02:58.440 align:middle line:84% with disabled people on how to authentically portray it. 01:02:58.440 --> 01:03:01.800 align:middle line:84% Obviously, I would have rather a disabled person played it, 01:03:01.800 --> 01:03:02.760 align:middle line:90% but she's really good. 01:03:02.760 --> 01:03:03.780 align:middle line:90% The actress is amazing. 01:03:03.780 --> 01:03:07.160 align:middle line:90% 01:03:07.160 --> 01:03:09.490 align:middle line:90% So I definitely recommend it. 01:03:09.490 --> 01:03:12.570 align:middle line:84% I think it's available in the US now. 01:03:12.570 --> 01:03:14.720 align:middle line:84% Pria: Yeah, I think it's on Netflix, too. 01:03:14.720 --> 01:03:15.420 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: OK. 01:03:15.420 --> 01:03:19.950 align:middle line:90% I had to download it through-- 01:03:19.950 --> 01:03:23.440 align:middle line:90% well, this is being recorded. 01:03:23.440 --> 01:03:26.350 align:middle line:84% Sometimes it's hard to get things from other countries, 01:03:26.350 --> 01:03:29.770 align:middle line:84% as you probably know, Pria, if you watch a lot of that cinema. 01:03:29.770 --> 01:03:33.010 align:middle line:90% 01:03:33.010 --> 01:03:34.900 align:middle line:84% Pria: If we have time for one more question. 01:03:34.900 --> 01:03:35.920 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah. 01:03:35.920 --> 01:03:38.560 align:middle line:84% Pria: I just wanted to know about like terminology 01:03:38.560 --> 01:03:39.250 align:middle line:90% in media. 01:03:39.250 --> 01:03:41.950 align:middle line:90% So like when are-- 01:03:41.950 --> 01:03:44.540 align:middle line:90% I just wonder like how-- 01:03:44.540 --> 01:03:46.528 align:middle line:84% like terms like handicap and once 01:03:46.528 --> 01:03:48.570 align:middle line:84% I found out like what their origins are, and it's 01:03:48.570 --> 01:03:51.340 align:middle line:84% like the fact that they're still being used not even just 01:03:51.340 --> 01:03:54.300 align:middle line:84% in media but like daily life, it's 01:03:54.300 --> 01:03:56.940 align:middle line:84% interesting to see that, terminology you 01:03:56.940 --> 01:04:01.910 align:middle line:84% think that would be like removed are still being used in media. 01:04:01.910 --> 01:04:02.660 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah. 01:04:02.660 --> 01:04:05.330 align:middle line:90% 01:04:05.330 --> 01:04:09.740 align:middle line:84% So when I talk to groups who want 01:04:09.740 --> 01:04:15.680 align:middle line:84% to learn how to interact with people with disabilities, 01:04:15.680 --> 01:04:23.150 align:middle line:84% their questions are so focused on wording and terminology. 01:04:23.150 --> 01:04:26.420 align:middle line:84% It's really interesting to me that people 01:04:26.420 --> 01:04:33.830 align:middle line:84% without disabilities seem to equate equality for people 01:04:33.830 --> 01:04:36.830 align:middle line:84% with disabilities to talking with the right language, 01:04:36.830 --> 01:04:38.030 align:middle line:90% and I totally get it. 01:04:38.030 --> 01:04:41.390 align:middle line:84% Like I totally get it because handicapped, 01:04:41.390 --> 01:04:44.030 align:middle line:90% I don't know why we use it. 01:04:44.030 --> 01:04:46.850 align:middle line:90% It sounds weird. 01:04:46.850 --> 01:04:53.330 align:middle line:84% But honestly, I get most offended by handicapable. 01:04:53.330 --> 01:04:54.890 align:middle line:90% I like-- I don't get it. 01:04:54.890 --> 01:04:58.880 align:middle line:90% 01:04:58.880 --> 01:05:01.850 align:middle line:84% Like no, just use disabled person or person 01:05:01.850 --> 01:05:04.910 align:middle line:90% with a disability. 01:05:04.910 --> 01:05:09.820 align:middle line:84% I define myself as a disabled person. 01:05:09.820 --> 01:05:11.020 align:middle line:90% Not everyone does. 01:05:11.020 --> 01:05:16.000 align:middle line:84% A lot of people want person first language, 01:05:16.000 --> 01:05:16.810 align:middle line:90% and that's fine. 01:05:16.810 --> 01:05:20.020 align:middle line:90% 01:05:20.020 --> 01:05:22.810 align:middle line:84% I mean, there are a lot of outdated ways of talking 01:05:22.810 --> 01:05:26.820 align:middle line:90% about disabled people. 01:05:26.820 --> 01:05:33.180 align:middle line:84% At least there's not as much of the R word and cripple, 01:05:33.180 --> 01:05:34.440 align:middle line:90% I guess. 01:05:34.440 --> 01:05:35.870 align:middle line:90% I don't like saying the R word. 01:05:35.870 --> 01:05:38.390 align:middle line:90% 01:05:38.390 --> 01:05:38.890 align:middle line:90% Yeah. 01:05:38.890 --> 01:05:39.432 align:middle line:90% I don't know. 01:05:39.432 --> 01:05:42.502 align:middle line:84% Does anyone else feel the same way or different? 01:05:42.502 --> 01:05:46.388 align:middle line:90% 01:05:46.388 --> 01:05:47.680 align:middle line:90% SPEAKER 4: I feel the same way. 01:05:47.680 --> 01:05:50.898 align:middle line:90% 01:05:50.898 --> 01:05:52.315 align:middle line:84% KAYLA BROWN: Language is powerful. 01:05:52.315 --> 01:05:56.570 align:middle line:90% 01:05:56.570 --> 01:05:59.510 align:middle line:84% Yeah, it just seems so straightforward to me 01:05:59.510 --> 01:06:03.020 align:middle line:84% that I don't know why we can't be better at it. 01:06:03.020 --> 01:06:06.380 align:middle line:84% Like the news always saying a person is 01:06:06.380 --> 01:06:09.560 align:middle line:84% confined to a wheelchair, it's like why do we 01:06:09.560 --> 01:06:11.300 align:middle line:90% need to say that? 01:06:11.300 --> 01:06:17.210 align:middle line:84% Just say person in a wheelchair or a wheelchair user. 01:06:17.210 --> 01:06:20.630 align:middle line:84% It's so much more simple and sounds better. 01:06:20.630 --> 01:06:27.950 align:middle line:90% 01:06:27.950 --> 01:06:30.140 align:middle line:84% Has anyone ever been asked what they 01:06:30.140 --> 01:06:34.940 align:middle line:84% prefer in terms of person first language versus identity first? 01:06:34.940 --> 01:06:38.190 align:middle line:90% 01:06:38.190 --> 01:06:39.690 align:middle line:84% Pria: I think if I have, it's only 01:06:39.690 --> 01:06:42.160 align:middle line:84% come from a person with a disability. 01:06:42.160 --> 01:06:43.540 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Yeah. 01:06:43.540 --> 01:06:44.680 align:middle line:90% Pria: If I ever have, yeah. 01:06:44.680 --> 01:06:47.590 align:middle line:90% 01:06:47.590 --> 01:06:50.330 align:middle line:84% KAYLA BROWN: It's kind of like if you 01:06:50.330 --> 01:06:55.570 align:middle line:84% think about how to integrate it in to everyday conversation, 01:06:55.570 --> 01:07:00.140 align:middle line:84% it's almost like you could do it or address it 01:07:00.140 --> 01:07:03.500 align:middle line:90% the same way as we do pronouns. 01:07:03.500 --> 01:07:05.540 align:middle line:84% But obviously, we're still struggling 01:07:05.540 --> 01:07:12.582 align:middle line:84% to get pronouns recognized in certain senses. 01:07:12.582 --> 01:07:15.590 align:middle line:84% But I think maybe in the future we could get there 01:07:15.590 --> 01:07:21.800 align:middle line:84% where we can introduce ourselves in a way that identifies 01:07:21.800 --> 01:07:23.420 align:middle line:90% what we would prefer. 01:07:23.420 --> 01:07:27.910 align:middle line:84% But that's a long ways out, I think. 01:07:27.910 --> 01:07:35.850 align:middle line:90% 01:07:35.850 --> 01:07:38.940 align:middle line:84% Well, like I said, if you have any comments or questions, 01:07:38.940 --> 01:07:41.270 align:middle line:90% feel free to email me. 01:07:41.270 --> 01:07:43.370 align:middle line:90% I love talking about media. 01:07:43.370 --> 01:07:44.610 align:middle line:90% I like talking about it all. 01:07:44.610 --> 01:07:51.490 align:middle line:84% But I'm always learning, and I'm certainly not an expert. 01:07:51.490 --> 01:07:53.610 align:middle line:84% I get feedback on my presentations, 01:07:53.610 --> 01:07:57.220 align:middle line:84% and I try to change it every time. 01:07:57.220 --> 01:08:00.840 align:middle line:84% So if you have any feedback, let me know. 01:08:00.840 --> 01:08:04.470 align:middle line:90% I'm open to all of it. 01:08:04.470 --> 01:08:06.550 align:middle line:84% Well, thank you so much for coming. 01:08:06.550 --> 01:08:11.080 align:middle line:84% And I hope that you've gotten something out of it. 01:08:11.080 --> 01:08:13.800 align:middle line:84% And I want to do more of these where 01:08:13.800 --> 01:08:17.490 align:middle line:84% I can hang out with you guys because I 01:08:17.490 --> 01:08:19.052 align:middle line:90% like talking to people. 01:08:19.052 --> 01:08:20.760 align:middle line:84% Even though I think we're all Zoomed out, 01:08:20.760 --> 01:08:24.960 align:middle line:90% I still really crave it. 01:08:24.960 --> 01:08:27.490 align:middle line:84% Well, thank you and have a good week. 01:08:27.490 --> 01:08:33.189 align:middle line:84% I hope you get some rest, and yeah. 01:08:33.189 --> 01:08:36.090 align:middle line:90% Take care, everyone. 01:08:36.090 --> 01:08:37.029 align:middle line:90% Carmel: Thank you 01:08:37.029 --> 01:08:38.200 align:middle line:90% Fred: Thank you. 01:08:38.200 --> 01:08:39.500 align:middle line:90% KAYLA BROWN: Bye. 01:08:39.500 --> 01:08:40.000 align:middle line:90%